Roughness correction method for salinity remote sensing using combined active/passive observations

Wentao Ma Guihong Liu Yang Yu Yanlei Du

Wentao Ma, Guihong Liu, Yang Yu, Yanlei Du. Roughness correction method for salinity remote sensing using combined active/passive observations[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(11): 189-195. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1744-z
Citation: Wentao Ma, Guihong Liu, Yang Yu, Yanlei Du. Roughness correction method for salinity remote sensing using combined active/passive observations[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(11): 189-195. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1744-z

doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1744-z

Roughness correction method for salinity remote sensing using combined active/passive observations

Funds: The National Key R&D Program of China under contract Nos 2018YFA0605403 and 2016YFB0500204; the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 418QN301; the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. 41801238.
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  • Figure  1.  Wind-induced emissivity versus NRCS and wind directions (beam-3, incidence angle of 46.29°, wind direction bins of 10°, and NRCS bins of 0.001).

    Figure  2.  V-pol ewNRCS of beam-3 calculated by HH-polarized NRCS, distributed with NRCS and wind direction.

    Figure  3.  RMSE between simulated and measured excess emissivity with different NRCSs and wind directions (beam-3, results multiplied by 290 K).

    Figure  4.  RMSE of wind-induced emissivity calculated by NCEP wind speed (a), HHwind speed (b), and HHHwind speed (c) at three incidence angles and two polarizations (RMSEs are calculated in a 0.5 m/s bin).

    Figure  5.  Comparison of simulated TB and the Aquarius TB observations from the ocean surface.

    Table  1.   Statistics of calculated brightness temperature (TB) compared with measured TB

    Beamand polarizationVVHHNCEP
    Bias/KRMSE/KBias/KRMSE/KBias/KRMSE/K
    Beam-1 V–6.81×10–33.31×10–11.77×10–32.77×10–1–4.25×10–23.34×10–1
    Beam–2 V–1.34×10–23.99×10–13.96×10–32.81×10–1–2.95×10–23.42×10–1
    Beam–3 V–9.60×10–33.73×10–16.59×10–32.59×10–1–3.96×10–23.16×10–1
    Beam–1 H–1.72×10–24.13×10–1–4.83×10–33.28×10–1–4.67×10–23.44×10–1
    Beam–2 H–9.90×10–35.61×10–11.53×10–23.57×10–1–2.61×10–33.75×10–1
    Beam–3 H–1.56×10–26.17×10–11.47×10–23.84×10–11.89×10–33.95×10–1
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    Table  2.   Statistics of calculated brightness temperature (TB) compared with measured TB of different methods

    Beam and polarizationHH+NCEP (MLE1)HH+NCEP+RAD (MLE2)V5 model-HHwindV5 model-HHHwind
    Bias/KRMSE/KBias/KRMSE/KBias/KRMSE/KBias/KRMSE/K
    Beam-1 V1.31×10–22.34×10–12.34×10–22.08×10–1–3.41×10–22.43×10–1–7.64×10–32.13×10–1
    Beam-2 V1.23×10–22.36×10–11.36×10–22.14×10–1–3.27×10–22.58×10–1–2.39×10–22.20×10–1
    Beam-3 V1.65×10–22.32×10–12.01×10–22.13×10–1–4.15×10–22.42×10–1–3.04×10–22.23×10–1
    Beam-1 H–2.28×10–22.37×10–1–2.85×10–22.11×10–1–4.31×10–22.63×10–1–3.45×10–22.02×10–1
    Beam-2 H–1.65×10–22.41×10–1–2.51×10–22.19×10–1–1.60×10–22.78×10–1–5.25×10–22.04×10–1
    Beam-3 H2.57×10–32.76×10–1–1.78×10–22.47×10–1–1.16×10–22.79×10–1–4.41×10–22.10×10–1
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2020-12-14
  • 录用日期:  2020-12-25
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-04-22
  • 刊出日期:  2021-11-30

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