Microbial community structure and nitrogenase gene diversity of sediment from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field on the Southwest Indian Ridge
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摘要: 沉积物样品来自西南印度洋深海热液硫化物区,水深为2951米。通过扩增其16S rRNA 和nifH基因研究微生物群落结构。古菌克隆主要为MBGE(Marine Benthic Group E)和MGI (Marine GroupⅠ)类群,分别属于广古菌门和奇古菌门。超过一半的细菌克隆属于变形杆菌(Proteobacteria),且大部分为γ-变形菌纲。未检测到ε-变形杆菌纲的克隆。此外还检测到放线菌门、拟杆菌门、浮霉菌门、酸杆菌门、消化螺旋菌门、绿弯菌门、绿菌门、衣原体门、疣微菌门和几个候补类群(OD1、 OP11、WS3、TM6),表明这些类群存在于热液硫化物环境。固氮基因(nifH)研究揭示了热液硫化物环境存在生物氮固定过程。系统发育分析表明该环境只存在类群I和类群III固氮基因。这和16S rRNA系统发育分析结果一致,表明细菌在热液硫化物环境氮固定过程中可能发挥了主要作用。Abstract: A sediment sample was collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent field located at a depth of 2 951 m on the Southwest Indian Ridge. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on the prokaryotic community using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the 16S rRNA and nifH genes. Within the Archaea, the dominant clones were from marine benthic group E (MBGE) and marine group I (MGI) belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota, respectively. More than half of the bacterial clones belonged to the Proteobacteria, and most fell within the Gammaproteobacteria. No epsilon Proteobacterial sequence was observed. Additional phyla were detected including the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, Chloroflexi, Chlorobi, Chlamydiae, Verrucomicrobia, and candidate divisions OD1, OP11, WS3 and TM6, confirming their existence in hydrothermal vent environments. The detection of nifH gene suggests that biological nitrogen fixation may occur in the hydrothermal vent field of the Southwest Indian Ridge. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that only Clusters I and III nifH were present. This is consistent with the phylogenetic analysis of the microbial 16S rRNA genes, indicating that Bacteria play the main role in nitrogen fixation in this hydrothermal vent environment.
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Key words:
- deep-sea /
- hydrothermal vent /
- microbial diversity /
- 16S rRNA gene /
- nifH gene
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