Vertical migration through faults and hydrocarbon accumulation patterns in deepwater areas of the Qiongdongnan Basin
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摘要: 琼东南盆地断裂较为发育.钻井揭示单断层控制的圈闭基本上不含油气或只有少量油气显示,但是已证实油气藏或含油构造的部位均发育两条或两条以上断层.为此,本文拟运用断阶控藏的原理解释这种现象,认为:地下单断层活动时,因被切割的砂体内孔隙水不可压缩、浮力难以突破孔隙阻力以及浮力方向向上,导致油气难以充注;而两条或多条断层发育时,断层间砂体高部位存在泄水断层,油气能够沿低部位断层充注砂体.并以5个典型含气构造及4个失利圈闭为例进行详细分析论证.最后在该理论的指导下,认为宝岛-长昌南部陡坡带、陵水南部缓坡带、陵水北部陡坡带以及宝岛北部陡坡带是最有利断阶带,是下一阶段勘探的主要方向.Abstract: In the Qiongdongnan Basin, faults are well developed. Based on the drilling results, the traps controlled two or more faults are oil-rich. However, when only one fault cut through the sand body, there is no sign for hydrocarbon accumulation in the sandstone. In terms of this phenomenon, the principle of reservoir-forming controlled by fault terrace is proposed, i.e., when the single fault activates, because of the incompressibility of pore water, the resistance of pore and the direction of buoyancy, it is impossible for hydrocarbon to accumulate in sandstone. But when there are two or more faults, one of the faults acts as the spillway so the hydrocarbon could fill in the pore of sandstone through other faults. In total five gas bearing structures and four failure traps are considered, as examples to demonstrate our findings. According to this theory, it is well-advised that south steep slope zone of Baodao-Changchang Depression, south gentle slope zone of Lingshui Depression, north steep slope zone of Lingshui Depression, and north steep slope zone of Baodao Depression are the most favorable step-fault zones, which are the main exploration direction in next stage.
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