China Argo project:progress in China Argo ocean observations and data applications
-
摘要: 文章回顾了中国Argo计划已经取得的成果,主要包括中国Argo观测网的建设、浮标技术、数据质量控制及共享等。同时,讨论了Argo数据产品的开发以及数据在海洋、气象和大气研究中的应用,特别是在热带气旋(台风)、海洋环流、中尺度涡、湍流、海水热盐储量与输送、大洋水团,以及海洋、天气/气候业务化预测预报中的应用。最后,文章阐述了中国Argo海洋观测网长期维护和持续发展所面临的挑战和机遇,我们应在印度洋增加浮标数量,同时建立南海Argo区域海洋观测网,促进Argo资料在东南亚和印度洋沿岸国家的应用。
-
关键词:
- ChinaArgo /
- oceanobservation /
- floatdevelopment /
- Argodata /
- dataapplication
Abstract: This paper reviews the current achievements of the China Argo project. It considers aspects of both the construction of the Argo observing array, float technology, and the quality control and sharing of its data. The developments of associated data products and data applications for use in the fields of ocean, atmosphere, and climate research are discussed, particularly those related to tropical cyclones (typhoons), ocean circulation, mesoscale eddies, turbulence, oceanic heat/salt storage and transportation, water masses, and operational oceanic/atmospheric/climatic forecasts and predictions. Finally, the challenges and opportunities involved in the long-term maintenance and sustained development of the China Argo ocean observation network are outlined. Discussion also focuses on the necessity for increasing the number of floats in the Indian Ocean and for expanding the regional Argo observation network in the South China Sea, together with the importance of promoting the use of Argo data by the maritime countries of Southeast Asia and India.-
Key words:
- China Argo /
- ocean observation /
- float development /
- Argo data /
- data application
-
An Yuzhu, Zhang Ren, Wang Huizan, et al. 2012. Study on calculation and spatio-temporal variations of global ocean mixed layer depth. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 55(7):2249-2258 Argo Science Team. 1998. On the design and implementation of Argo:an initial plan for a global array of profiling floats. ICPO Report No. 21. Melbourne, Vic:GODAE International Project Office, Bureau of Meteorology Böhme L. 2003. Quality control of profiling float data in the subpolar north Atlantic[dissertation]. Kiel, Germany:Christian-Albrechts-Universität Brasseur P, Gruber R, Barciela R, et al. 2009. Integrating biogeochemistry and ecology into ocean data assimilation systems. Oceanography, 22(3):206-215 Castelao R M. 2014. Mesoscale eddies in the South Atlantic Bight and the Gulf Stream recirculation region:vertical structure. Journal of Geophysical Research, 119(3):2048-2065 Chang Y S, Zhang Shaoqing, Rosati A, et al. 2013. An assessment of oceanic variability for 1960-2010 from the GFDL ensemble coupled data assimilation. Climate Dynamics, 40(3-4):775-803 Chen Dake. 2011. Collection of Argo Research Papers (in Chinese). Beijing:China Ocean Press, 199 Chen Dake. 2012. Argo-China. Atmosphere-Ocean, 50(Suppl):1-3 Chen Ge, Chen Hanou. 2015. Interannual modality of upper-ocean temperature:4D structure revealed by Argo data. Journal of Climate, 28(9):3441-3452 Chen Ge, Wang Xuan. 2016. Vertical structure of upper-ocean seasonality:annual and semiannual cycles with oceanographic implications. Journal of Climate, 29(1):37-59 Chen Ge, Yu Fangjie. 2015. An objective algorithm for estimating maximum oceanic mixed layer depth using seasonality indices derived from Argo temperature/salinity profiles. Journal of Geophysical Research, 120(1):582-595 Chen Yide, Zhang Ren, Jiang Guorong. 2006. Evaluation and analysis of Mid-Depth currents of the equatorial Pacific using Argo float position information. Marine Forecasts (in Chinese), 23(4):37-46 Cheng Lijing, Zhu Jiang. 2014a. Artifacts in variations of ocean heat content induced by the observation system changes. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(20):7276-7283 Cheng Lijing, Zhu Jiang. 2014b. Uncertainties of the ocean heat content estimation induced by insufficient vertical resolution of historical ocean subsurface observations. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 31(6):1383-1396 Cheng Lijing, Zhu Jiang. 2015. Influences of the choice of climatology on ocean heat content estimation. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 32(2):388-394 Cheng Lijing, Zhu Jiang, Sriver R L. 2015. Global representation of tropical cyclone-induced short-term ocean thermal changes using Argo data. Ocean Science, 11(5):719-741 Du Yan, Zhang Yuhong, Feng Ming, et al. 2015. Decadal trends of the upper ocean salinity in the tropical Indo-Pacific since mid-1990s. Scientific Reports, 5:16050, doi:10.1038/srep 16050 Fukasawa M, Freeland H, Perkin R, et al. 2004. Bottom water warming in the North Pacific Ocean. Nature, 427(6977):825-827 Gao Fei, Zhang Ren, Li Can, et al. 2014. Analysis of the characteristics of temperature and thermocline in the ocean east of Taiwan based on gridded Argo data. Journal of Tropical Oceanography (in Chinese), 33(1):17-25 Gray A R, Riser S C. 2014. A global analysis of Sverdrup balance using absolute geostrophic velocities from Argo. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 44(4):1213-1229 Guinehut S, Dhomps A L, Larnicol G, et al. 2012. High resolution 3-D temperature and salinity fields derived from in situ and satellite observations. Ocean Science Discussion, 8(5):845-857 Han Guijun, Fu Hongli, Zhang Xuefeng, et al. 2013. A global ocean reanalysis product in the China Ocean Reanalysis (CORA) project. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 30(6):1621-1631 Han Guijun, Li Wei, Zhang Xuefeng, et al. 2011. A regional ocean reanalysis system for coastal waters of china and adjacent seas. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 28(3):682-690 Han Yukang, Zhou Lin. 2015. Analysis of acoustic field in tropical Indian Ocean upper based on Argo data. Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition) (in Chinese), 16(2):180-187 Jiang Lianghong, Chen Dake. 2012. Spatiotemporal analysis of tropical Pacific barrier layer thickness. Journal of Marine Sciences (in Chinese), 30(2):14-20 Johnson G C, Purkey S G, Bullister J L. 2008. Warming and freshening in the abyssal southeastern Indian Ocean. Journal of Climate, 21(20):5351-5363 Johnson K S, Berelson M W, Boss E S, et al. 2009. Observing biogeochemical cycles at global scales with profiling floats and gliders:prospects for a global array. Oceanography, 22(3):216-225 Kwon Y O, Alexander M A, Bond N A, et al. 2010. Role of the gulf stream and Kuroshio-Oyashio systems in large-scale atmosphere-ocean interaction:a review. Journal of Climate, 23(12):3249-3281 Li Hong, Liu Zenghong, Xu Jianping, et al. 2015. Introduction of Global Ocean Argo Gridded Dataset (BOA_Argo) (in Chinese). Hangzhou:China Argo Real-time Data Center Li Hong, Liu Zenghong, Xu Jianping, et al. 2016. Introduction of Global Ocean Argo Gridded Dataset (BOA_Argo) (in Chinese). Hangzhou:China Argo Real-time Data Center Li Hong, Xu Jianping, Liu Zenghong, et al. 2012. Global Ocean Argo Gridded Dataset (BOA_Argo) User Manual (in Chinese). Hangzhou:China Argo Real-time Data Center Li Hong, Xu Jianping, Liu Zenghong, et al. 2013. Study on the global ocean Argo gridded dataset and its validation community in coastal waters of Yantai. Marine Science Bulletin (in Chinese), 32(6):615-625 Li Hong, Xu Jianping, Liu Zenghong, et al. 2014. Global Ocean Argo Gridded Dataset (BOA_Argo) User Manual (in Chinese). Hangzhou:China Argo Real-time Data Center Li H, Xu F, Zhou W, et al. 2017. Development of a global gridded Argo data set with Barnes successive corrections. Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans, 122, doi: 10.1002/2016JC012285 Lin I I, Black P, Price J F, et al. 2013a. An ocean coupling potential intensity index for tropical cyclones. Geophysical Research Letters, 40(9):1878-1882 Lin I I, Goni G J, Knaff J A, et al. 2013b. Ocean heat content for tropical cyclone intensity forecasting and its impact on storm surge. Natural Hazards, 66(3):1481-1500 Lin I I, Pun L F, Lien C C. 2014. Categoty-6” supertyphoon Haiyan in global warming hiatus:contribution from subsurface ocean warming. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(23):8547-8553 Liu Yimin, Li Weijing, Zhang Peiqun. 2005. A global 4-dimensional ocean data assimilation system and the studies on its results in the tropic Pacific. Haiyang Xuebao (in Chinese), 27(1):27-35 Liu Zenghong, Xu Jianping, Sun Chaohui. 2007. Discussing on detecting and calibration method of Argo conductivity sensor drift errors. Ocean Technology (in Chinese), 26(4):72-76 Liu Zenghong, Xu Jianping, Sun Chaohui, et al. 2011. The characteristics of water mass distribution and its seasonal variation near the Luzon Strait. Journal of Tropical Oceanography (in Chinese), 30(1):11-19 Liu Zenghong, Xu Jianping, Sun Chaohui, et al. 2014. An upper ocean response to Typhoon Bolaven analyzed with Argo profiling floats. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 33(11):90-101 Liu Zenghong, Xu Jianping, Zhu Bokang, et al. 2006. Upper ocean response to tropical cyclones in northwestern Pacific during 2001-2004 by Argo data. Journal of Tropical Oceanography (in Chinese), 25(1):1-8 Lu Shaolei, Li Hong, Liu Zenghong. 2014. Improvement of Argo salinity data delayed-mode quality control method. Journal of PLA University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition) (in Chinese), 15(6):598-606 Lu Shaolei, Sun Chaohui, Liu Zenghong, et al. 2016. Comparative testing and data quality evaluation for COPEX, HM2000 and APEX profiling buoys. Journal of Ocean Technology (in Chinese), 35(1):84-92 Mao Qingwen, Chu Xiaoqing, Yan Youfang, et al. 2013. A three-dimensional temperature and salinity reconstruction system in the South China Sea. Journal of Tropical Oceanography (in Chinese), 32(6):1-8 Mercier H, Lherminier P, Sarafanov A, et al. 2015. Variability of the meridional overturning circulation at the Greenland-Portugal OVIDE section from 1993 to 2010. Progress in Oceanography, 132:250-261 National Marine Data and Information Service. 2011. Argo Gridded Product User Manual (in Chinese). Tianjin:National Marine Data and Information Service Ollitrault M, de Verdière A C. 2014. The ocean general circulation near 1000-m depth. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 44(1):384-409 Ollitrault M, Rannou J P. 2013. ANDRO:an Argo-based deep displacement dataset. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 30(4):759-788 Owens W B, Wong A P S. 2009. An improved calibration method for the drift of the conductivity sensor on autonomous CTD profiling floats by θ-S climatology. Deep Sea Research Part I:Oceanographic Research Papers, 56(3):450-457 Pei Yuhua, Zhang Ronghua, Chen Dake. 2015. Upper ocean response to tropical cyclone wind forcing:a case study of typhoon Rammasun (2008). Science China Earth Sciences, 58(9):1623-1632 Purkey S G, Johnson G C. 2010. Warming of global abyssal and deep Southern Ocean waters between the 1990s and 2000s:contributions to global heat and sea level rise budgets. Journal of Climate, 23(23):6336-6351 Purkey S G, Johnson G C. 2013. Antarctic Bottom Water warming and freshening:contributions to sea level rise, ocean freshwater budgets, and global heat gain. Journal of Climate, 26(16):6105-6122 Riser S C, Freeland H J, Roemmich D, et al. 2016. Fifteen years of ocean observations with the global Argo array. Nature Climate Change, 6(2):145-153 Song Xiangzhou, Lin Xiaopei, Padmore M R, et al. 2009. Spacial structure and annual variation estimated from Argo float data for Subtropical Mode Water in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. Advances in Marine Science (in Chinese), 27(1):1-10 Sun Liang, Li Yingxin, Yang Yuanjian, et al. 2014. Effects of super typhoons on cyclonic ocean eddies in the Western North Pacific:a satellite data-based evaluation between 2000 and 2008. Journal of Geophysical Research, 119(9):5585-5598 Sun Chaohui, Xu Jianping, Liu Zenghong, et al. 2008. Application of Argo data in the analysis of water masses in the northwest Pacific ocean. Marine Science Bulletin, 10(2):1-13 Thierry C, Robert K, Yasushi T, et al. 2015. Argo User'S Manual V3.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.13155/29825 Tong Mingrong, Xu Jianping, Ma Jirui, et al. 2004. Probing into the conductivity sensor drift problem of the ARGO profiling float. Ocean Technology (in Chinese), 23(3):105-116, 124 Wang Guihua, Liu Zenghong, Xu Jianping. 2006. Three dimensional Pacific temperature, salinity and circulation reconstructions with Argo data. In:Xu Jianping, eds. A Collection of Research Articles on Argo Application (in Chinese). Beijing:China Ocean Press, 16-26 Wang Xidong, Wang Chunzai, Han Guijun, et al. 2014. Effects of tropical cyclones on large-scale circulation and ocean heat transport in the South China Sea. Climate Dynamics, 43(12):3351-3366 Wang Huizan, Wang Guihua, Zhang Ren, et al. 2010. Argo Gridded Salinity Product (G-Argo) User Manual (in Chinese). Hangzhou:China Argo Real-time Data Center Wang Guihua, Wu Lingwei, Johnson N C, et al. 2016. Observed three-dimensional structure of ocean cooling induced by Pacific tropical cyclones. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(14):7632-7638 Wang Jin, Zhang Jie, Wang Jing. 2015. Quality assessment of spaceborne microwave radiometer Aquarius data product based on Argo buoy data. Haiyang Xuebao (in Chinese), 37(3):46-53 Wong A P S, Johnson G C, Owens W B. 2003. Delayed-mode calibration of autonomous CTD profiling float salinity data by θ-S climatology. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 20:308–318 Wong A, Keeley R, Carval T, et al. 2014. Argo Quality Control Manual. http://dx.doi.org/10.13155/33951[2016-12-29/2016-10-22] Wu Lixin, Jing Zhao, Riser S, et al. 2011a. Seasonal and spatial variations of Southern Ocean diapycnal mixing from Argo profiling floats. Nature Geoscience, 4(6):363-366 Wu Tongwen, Song Lianchun, Liu Xiangwen, et al. 2013. Progress in developing the short-range operational climate prediction system of China national climate center. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science (in Chinese), 24(5):533-543 Wu Xiaofen, Xu Jianping, Zhang Qilong, et al. 2011b. CSEOF analysis of the upper ocean heat content over tropical western Pacific. Journal of Tropical Oceanography (in Chinese), 30(6):37-46 Wu Xiaofen, Zhang Qilong, Liu Zenghong. 2014. Annual and interannual variations of the Western Pacific Warm Pool volume and sources of warm water revealed by Argo data. Science China Earth Sciences, 57(9):2269-2280 Xie Jiping, Zhu Jiang. 2008. Estimation of the surface and mid-depth currents from Argo floats in the Pacific and error analysis. Journal of Marine Systems, 73(1-2):61-75 Xie Jiping, Zhu Jiang. 2009. A dataset of global ocean surface currents for 1999-2007 derived from Argo float trajectories:a comparison with surface drifter and TAO measurements. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 2(2):97-102 Xie Jiping, Zhu Jiang, Xu Li, et al. 2005. Evaluation of mid-depth currents of NCEP reanalysis data in the tropical Pacific using Argo float position information. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 22(5):677-684 Xu Jianping. 2002. A Exploration of Global Ocean Argo Observing (in Chinese). Beijing:China Ocean Press Xu Jianping. 2006. Collection of Argo Application Papers (in Chinese). Beijing:China Ocean Press, 240 Xu Jianping. 2010. Collection of Papers on the Observation and Application of Argo Profilling Floats in the West Pacific Ocean (in Chinese). Beijing:China Ocean Press, 344 Xu Jianping. 2014. A Collection of Research Articles of Argo Science Workshop (in Chinese). Beijing:China Ocean Press, 368 Xu Lixiao, Li Peiliang, Xie Shangping, et al. 2016. Observing mesoscale eddy effects on mode-water subduction and transport in the North Pacific. Nature Communications, 7:10505, doi:10.1038/ncomms 10505 Xu Jianping, Liu Zenghong. 2007. Experiment of Chinese Argo Ocean Observing Array (in Chinese). Beijing:China Meteorological Press, 158 Xu Dongfeng, Liu Zenghong, Xu Xiaohua, et al. 2005. The influence of typhoon on the sea surface salinity in the Warm Pool of the western Pacific. Haiyang Xuebao (in Chinese), 27(6):9-15 Yan Yunwei, Wang Guihua, Wang Chunzai, et al. 2015. Low-salinity water off west Luzon island in Summer. Journal of Geophysical Research, 120(4):3011-3021 Yang Tingting, Chen Zhongbiao, He Yijun. 2015a. A new method to retrieve salinity profiles from sea surface salinity observed by SMOS satellite. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 34(9):85-93 Yang Shenglong, Jin Shaofei, Hua Chengjun, et al. 2015b. Spatial-temporal distribution of bigeye tuna Thunnus obesus in the tropical Atlantic Ocean based on Argo data. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (in Chinese), 26(2):601-608 Yang Shenglong, Ma Junjie, Wu Yumei, et al. 2008. Study on the reconstruction of Pacific temperature arena with Argo data based on the Kriging methods. Marine Fisheries (in Chinese), 30(1):13-18 Yang Tingting, Xu Yongsheng. 2015. Estimation of the time series of the meridional heat transport across 15°N in the Pacific ocean from Argo and satellite data. Journal of Geophysical Research, 120(4):3043-3060 Yang Guang, Yu Weidong, Yuan Yeli, et al. 2015c. Characteristics, vertical structures, and heat/salt transports of mesoscale eddies in the southeastern tropical Indian ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research, 120(10):6733-6750 Yi Shuang, Sun Wenke, Heki K, et al. 2015. An increase in the rate of global mean sea level rise since 2010. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(11):3998-4006 Yu Lizhong, Shang Hongmei, Zhang Shaoyong. 2001. Elementary introduction of Argo buoy technological study. Ocean Technology (in Chinese), 20(3):34-40 Yuan Dongliang, Zhang Zhichun, Chu C P, et al. 2014. Geostrophic circulation in the tropical North Pacific Ocean based on Argo profiles. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 44(2):558-575 Zhang Chuan, Hu Bo, Wang Cong, et al. 2011. Comparative study of Argo floats on sea trial. Ocean Technology (in Chinese), 30(2):94-98 Zhang Ren, Huang Zhisong, Liu Wei, et al. 2012. Diagnostic calculation of three dimensions sea currents in the Pacific based on ARGO buoyage observational data. Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics (in Chinese), 27(3):256-263 Zhang Shaoyong, Lin Yuchi. 2005. Brief introduction to calibrating the profiling depth of the COPEX. Ocean Technology (in Chinese), 24(3):41-45 Zhang Renhe, Liu Yinmin, Yin Yonghong, et al. 2004. Utilizing Argo data to improve the ocean data assimilation and the relative physical processes in ZC ocean model. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 62(5):613-622 Zhang Zhengguang, Wang Wei, Qiu Bo. 2014. Oceanic mass transport by mesoscale eddies. Science, 345(6194):322-324 Zhang Chunling, Xu Jianping. 2014. T/S distribution and variation in the Pacific based on Argo observations:Part I. temperature. Marine Science Bulletin (in Chinese), 33(6):647-658 Zhang Chunling, Xu Jianping. 2015. T/S distribution and variation in the Pacific based on Argo observations:Part Ⅱ. salinity. Marine Science Bulletin (in Chinese), 34(1):21-31 Zhang Chunling, Xu Jianping Liu Zenghong, et al. 2013a. User Manual of Argo Three-Dimensional Grid Data (GDCSM_Argo) (in Chinese). Hangzhou:China Argo Real-time Data Center Zhang Renhe, Yin Yonghong, Li Qingquan, et al. 2006. Utilizing Argo data to improve the prediction of ENSO and short-term climate prediction of summer rainfall in China. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science (in Chinese), 17(5):538-547 Zhang Weitao, Zhang Ren, An Yuzhu, et al. 2013b. Diagnostic calculation of three dimensions sea flow in the Pacific by P vector method on isopycnal surface. Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics (in Chinese), 28(1):72-80 Zhang Xu, Zhang Yonggang, Zhang Jianxue, et al. 2010. EOF analysis of sound speed profiles in sea area east of Taiwan. Advances in Marine Science (in Chinese), 28(4):498-506 Zhang Xu, Zhang Yonggang, Zhang Shengjun, et al. 2009. Distribution and seasonal variability of sound speed profile in the Philippine Sea. Journal of Tropical Oceanography (in Chinese), 28(6):23-34 Zhang Renhe, Zhu Jiang, Xu Jianping, et al. 2013c. Argo global ocean data assimilation and its applications in short-term climate prediction and oceanic analysis. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 37(2):411-424 Zhao Xin, Li Hong, Liu Zenghong, et al. 2016. Argo surface temperature and salinity estimation by the mixed layer model. Marine Science Bulletin (in Chinese), 35(5):532-544 Zheng Fei, Wang Hui, Wan Liying. 2015. Effects of interannual salinity variability on the dynamic height in the western equatorial Pacific as diagnosed by Argo. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 34(5):22-28 Zheng Fei, Zhang Ronghua. 2015. Interannually varying salinity effects on ENSO in the tropical Pacific:a diagnostic analysis from Argo. Ocean Dynamics, 65(5):691-705 Zheng Fei, Zhang Ronghua, Zhu Jiang. 2014. Effects of interannual salinity variability on the barrier layer in the western-central equatorial Pacific:a diagnostic analysis from Argo. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 31(3):532-542 Zhou Wei, Chen Mengyan, Zhuang Wei, et al. 2016. Evaluation of the tropical variability from the Beijing Climate Center's real-time operational Global Ocean Data Assimilation System. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 33(2):208-220 Zhou Hui, Xu Jianping, Guo Peifang, et al. 2006. A study on an anticyclonic eddy east of Mindanao observed by an Argo profiling float. Journal of Tropical Oceanography (in Chinese), 25(6):8-14 Zhou Hui, Yuan Dongliang, Guo Peifang, et al. 2010. Meso-scale circulation at the intermediate-depth east of Mindanao observed by Argo profiling floats. Science China Earth Sciences, 53(3):432-440 Zhu Jiang, Zhou Guangqing, Yan Changxiang, et al. 2006. A three-dimensional variational ocean data assimilation system:scheme and preliminary results. Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences, 49(11):1212-1222.
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 681
- HTML全文浏览量: 71
- PDF下载量: 545
- 被引次数: 0