Effects of live rock on removal of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in coral aquaria

LI Yan; ZHENG Xinqing; YANG Xiaozhou; OU Dangyun; LIN Rongcheng; LIU Xinming

doi:10.1007/s13131-017-1092-1

活石（live rock）在珊瑚养殖体系中对NH₄⁺、NO₃^-的去除作用

doi: 10.1007/s13131-017-1092-1

1.
国家海洋局第三海洋研究所, 厦门福建 361005;厦门大学环境与生态学院, 厦门福建 361102
2.
国家海洋局第三海洋研究所, 厦门福建 361005
3.
广西海洋研究院, 南宁广西 530022

基金项目: The Regional Demonstration of Marine Economy Innovative Development Project under contract No. 16PZY002SF18; the Xiamen Southern Ocean Research Center Project under contract No. 14CZY037HJ11; the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation under contract No. 2016GXNSFBA380228; the China-ASEAN Maritime Cooperation Fund Project under contract No. HX150702.

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- 收稿日期: 2016-09-12

Effects of live rock on removal of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in coral aquaria

1.
The Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China;College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
2.
The Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, China
3.
Guangxi Academy of Oceanography, Nanning 530022, China

摘要

摘要: 维持养殖水体的水质稳定是珊瑚封闭循环水养殖的关键环节之一。传统室内水族饲养系统维持难度大，含氮营养盐处理能力较弱，难以维持饲养珊瑚所需的较为苛刻的贫营养盐环境。本文研究了“柏林系统”（一种珊瑚养殖系统）中发挥关键作用的“活性生物石”（下称活石）对NH₄⁺、NO₃^-的去除效率，通过检测活石表面和内部菌群的功能基因（AOA3，amoA 和nosZ）的表达水平，定量分析活石中主要发挥作用的硝化细菌和反硝化细菌丰度，综合评估 “活石”在含氮营养盐控制中发挥的作用。结果显示，在水质处理中，活石主要发挥代谢铵盐（NH₄⁺）的效果，活石对NH₄⁺的平均去除效果为0.141 mg·kg^-1·h^-1。但它对NO₃^-的处理效果不明显。菌群多样性分析结果显示，活石中氨氧化细菌菌群丰度较高，约占活石总菌群的0.5~1.4%，反硝化菌群次之，约占总菌群0.2%，而氨氧化古菌丰度最低（<0.01%）。故推测反硝化细菌低的丰度是导致活石对NO₃^-去除效果较差的主要原因。因此，在珊瑚养殖系统中，还需要辅以其它生物过滤方式来控制硝化作用或生物代谢作用产生的NO₃^-。
- 珊瑚 /
- 活石 /
- 水质净化 /
- 溶解无机氮 /
- 去除效率
Abstract: Maintaining stable water quality is one of the key processes for recirculating coral aquaculture. Traditional aquarium systems which mainly utilized a nitrification of nitrifying bacteria attached to the surface of massive artificial filter material are difficult to maintain the oligotrophic conditions necessary for coral aquaculture. This study investigated the removal effects of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (ammonia and nitrate) by live rock (LR), a key component in the "Berlin system" coral aquarium. The expression levels of bacterial functional genes, AOA3, amoA and nosZ, were measured on the exterior and interior of LR. The nitrifying and denitrifying bacterial abundance on LR was quantified and the nitrogen nutrient regulatory effects of LR were evaluated. The results demonstrated that LR mainly removed ammonium (NH₄⁺) from the water with a mean efficiency of 0.141 mg/(kg·h), while the removal of nitrate (NO₃^-) was not significant. Bacterial diversity analysis showed that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were the most common bacteria on LR, which accounted for 0.5%-1.4% of the total bacterial population, followed by denitrifying bacteria, which accounted for 0.2% of the total population, and the ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) were the least common type (<0.01%). The low abundance of denitrifying bacteria may be responsible for the poor nitrate (NO₃^-) removal of LR. Thus, other biological filtration methods are needed in coral aquaria to control nitrates generated from nitrification or biological metabolism.
- coral /
- live rock /
- water purification /
- dissolved inorganic nitrogen /
- removal efficiency

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活石（live rock）在珊瑚养殖体系中对NH4+、NO3-的去除作用

doi: 10.1007/s13131-017-1092-1

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Effects of live rock on removal of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in coral aquaria

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活石（live rock）在珊瑚养殖体系中对NH₄⁺、NO₃^-的去除作用