Estimation of catch losses resulting from overexploitation in the global marine fisheries

DING Qi; CHEN Xinjun; CHEN Yong; TIAN Siquan

doi:10.1007/s13131-017-1096-x

过度捕捞造成全球海洋渔业的产量损失评估

doi: 10.1007/s13131-017-1096-x

1.
上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306, 中国;远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306, 中国
2.
上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306, 中国;大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海海洋大学, 上海 201306, 中国;国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海海洋大学, 上海 201306, 中国;远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306, 中国
3.
远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306, 中国;缅因大学海洋科学学院, 缅因州奥罗诺 04469, 美国

基金项目: The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos NSFC41306127 and NSFC41276156; the Funding Program for Outstanding Dissertations in Shanghai Ocean University; the Funding Scheme for Training Young Teachers in Shanghai Colleges and Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Fisheries Discipline); the involvement of Y. Chen was supported by the SHOU International Center for Marine Studies and Shanghai 1000 Talent Program.

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- 收稿日期: 2016-11-29

Estimation of catch losses resulting from overexploitation in the global marine fisheries

1.
College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China
2.
College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China
3.
Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China;School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, Maine 04469, USA

摘要

摘要: 过度捕捞造成渔业资源在全球范围内持续衰退，这导致了鱼类种群生产力的降低和产量的损失。本研究通过分析产量的变化趋势和渔获种群可持续产量的近似阈值，核算1950-2010年过度捕捞造成的全球14个FAO渔区产量和经济效益的损失。全球三大洋约35%的种群曾经或正在遭受过度捕捞，1950-2010年损失的总产量高达332.8百万t，造成的直接经济损失达2989亿美元（2005不变美元）。渔业资源非可持续性开发在全球范围内引起了巨大的产量和经济损失，特别是在北半球。进一步核算过度捕捞造成的不同群落结构组成的损失表明，四类群落组成中（底层鱼类、中小型中上层鱼类、大洋性和深海鱼类，无脊椎动物），低价值但资源量丰富的中小型中上层鱼类损失的产量最大，达到265.0百万t。过度捕捞的空间扩张不仅反映了全球海洋渔业资源的持续衰退，也表明了海洋渔业的可持续开发能够降低或稳定过度捕捞造成的产量损失。全球海洋渔业长期可持续发展需要进一步降低全球过剩的捕捞强度并改善渔业管理体系。
- 过度捕捞 /
- 产量损失 /
- 可持续性 /
- 开发状态
Abstract: Many fish stocks in the world are depleted as a result of overexploitation, which reduces stock productivity and results in loss of potential yields. In this study we analyzed the catch trends and approximate thresholds of sustainable fishing for fished stocks to estimate the potential loss of catch and revenue of global fisheries as a result of overexploitation during the period of 1950-2010 in 14 FAO fishing areas. About 35% of stocks in the global marine ocean have or had suffered from overexploitation at present. The global catch losses amounted to 332.8 million tonnes over 1950-2010, resulting in a direct economic loss of US$298.9 billion (constant 2005 US$). Unsustainable fishing caused substantial potential losses worldwide, especially in the northern hemisphere. Estimated potential losses due to overfishing for different groups of resources showed that the low-value but abundant small-medium pelagics made the largest contribution to the global catch loss, with a weight of 265.0 million tonnes. The geographic expansion of overfishing not only showed serial depletion of world's fishery resources, but also reflected how recent trends towards sustainability can stabilize or reverse catch losses. Reduction of global fishing capacity and changes in fishery management systems are necessary if the long-term sustainability of marine fisheries in the world is to be achieved.
- overfishing /
- catch loss /
- sustainability /
- exploitation status

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参考文献(33)

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过度捕捞造成全球海洋渔业的产量损失评估

doi: 10.1007/s13131-017-1096-x

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Estimation of catch losses resulting from overexploitation in the global marine fisheries

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