Wave flume experiments on the contribution of seabed fluidization to sediment resuspension

ZHANG Shaotong; JIA Yonggang; WANG Zhenhao; WEN Mingzheng; LU Fang; ZHANG Yaqi; LIU Xiaolei; SHAN Hongxian

doi:10.1007/s13131-018-1143-2

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Acta Oceanologica Sinica > 2018 > 37(3): 80-87

ZHANG Shaotong, JIA Yonggang, WANG Zhenhao, WEN Mingzheng, LU Fang, ZHANG Yaqi, LIU Xiaolei, SHAN Hongxian. Wave flume experiments on the contribution of seabed fluidization to sediment resuspension[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2018, 37(3): 80-87. doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1143-2

Citation:

ZHANG Shaotong, JIA Yonggang, WANG Zhenhao, WEN Mingzheng, LU Fang, ZHANG Yaqi, LIU Xiaolei, SHAN Hongxian. Wave flume experiments on the contribution of seabed fluidization to sediment resuspension[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2018, 37(3): 80-87. doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1143-2

Citation:

ZHANG Shaotong, JIA Yonggang, WANG Zhenhao, WEN Mingzheng, LU Fang, ZHANG Yaqi, LIU Xiaolei, SHAN Hongxian. Wave flume experiments on the contribution of seabed fluidization to sediment resuspension[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2018, 37(3): 80-87. doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1143-2

PDF( 3839 KB)

Wave flume experiments on the contribution of seabed fluidization to sediment resuspension

doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1143-2

1.
Key Laboratory of Shandong Province for Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;Functional Laboratory for Marine Geology and Environment, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Technology, College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China

Received Date: 2016-04-21

Abstract

Abstract

Sediment resuspension is commonly assumed to be eroded from the seabed surface by an excess bottom shear stress and evolves in layers from the top down. Although considerable investigations have argued the importance of wave-induced seabed fluidization in affecting the sediment resuspension, few studies have been able to reliably evaluate its quantitative contribution till now. Attempt is made to preliminarily quantify the contribution of fluidization to resuspension using a series of large-scale wave flume experiments. The experimental results indicated that fluidization of the sandy silts of the Huanghe Delta account for 52.5% and 66.8% of the total resuspension under model scales of 4/20 and 6/20 (i.e., relative water depth: the ratio of wave height to water depth), respectively. Some previously reported results obtained using the same flume and sediments are also summarized for a contrastive analysis, through which not only the positive correlation is confirmed, but also a parametric equation for depicting the relationship between the contribution of fluidization and the model scale is established. Finally, the contribution of fluidization is attributed to two physical mechanisms: (1) an attenuation of the erosion resistance of fluidized sediments in surface layers due to the disappearing of original cohesion and the uplifting effect resulting from upward seepage flows, and (2) seepage pumping of fines from the interior to the surface of fluidized seabed.
- erosion,
- shear stress,
- seepage flows,
- pore pressure build up,
- fine-grained particles,
- Huanghe Delta

FullText(HTML)

References(41)

References

Bennett R H. 1977. Pore-water pressure measurements: Mississippi delta submarine sediments. Marine Geotechnology, 2(1-4): 177-189

Bennett R H, Faris J R. 1979. Ambient and dynamic pore pressures in fine-grained submarine sediments: Mississippi Delta. Applied Ocean Research, 1(3): 115-123

Biron P M, Robson C, Lapointe M F, et al. 2004. Comparing different methods of bed shear stress estimates in simple and complex flow fields. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 29(11): 1403-1415

Bolaños R, Thorne P D, Wolf J. 2012. Comparison of measurements and models of bed stress, bedforms and suspended sediments under combined currents and waves. Coastal Engineering, 62: 19-30

Bornhold D B, Yang Z S, Keller G H, et al. 1986. Sedimentary framework of the modern Huanghe (Yellow-River) Delta. Geo-Marine Letters, 6(2): 77-83

Clukey E C, Kulhawy F H, Liu P L F, et al. 1985. The impact of wave loads and pore-water pressure generation on initiation of sediment transport. Geo-marine letters, 5(3): 177-183

Danielsson Å, Jönsson A, Rahm L. 2007. Resuspension patterns in the Baltic proper. Journal of Sea Research, 57(4): 257-269

Green M O. 1992. Spectral estimates of bed shear stress at subcritical Reynolds numbers in a tidal boundary layer. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 22(8): 903-917

Green M O, Coco G. 2014. Review of wave-driven sediment resuspension and transport in estuaries. Reviews of Geophysics, 52(1): 77-117

Grant W D, Madsen O S. 1979. Combined wave and current interaction with a rough bottom. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 84(C4): 1797-1808

Guo Lei, Wen Mingzheng, Shan Hongxian, et al. 2016. Study on re-suspension process of seabed sediment induced by wave. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology (in Chinese), 36(5): 181-188

Jeng D S, Ye J H, Zhang J S, et al. 2013. An integrated model for the wave-induced seabed response around marine structures: model verifications and applications. Coastal Engineering, 72: 1-19

Jia Yonggang, Zhang Liping, Zheng Jiewen, et al. 2014. Effects of wave-induced seabed liquefaction on sediment re-suspension in the Yellow River Delta. Ocean Engineering, 89: 146-156

Kim S C, Friedrichs C T, Maa J P Y, et al. 2000. Estimating bottom stress in tidal boundary layer from acoustic doppler velocimeter data. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 126(6): 399-406

Lambrechts J, Humphrey C, McKinna L, et al. 2010. Importance of wave-induced bed liquefaction in the fine sediment budget of Cleveland Bay, Great Barrier Reef. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 89(2): 154-162

Mörz T, Karlik E A, Kreiter S, et al. 2007. An experimental setup for fluid venting in unconsolidated sediments: new insights to fluid mechanics and structures. Sedimentary Geology, 196(1): 251-267

Nichols R J, Sparks R S J, Wilson C J N. 1994. Experimental studies of the fluidization of layered sediments and the formation of fluid escape structures. Sedimentology, 41(2): 233-253

Nielsen P, Robert S, Møller-Christiansen B, et al. 2001. Infiltration effects on sediment mobility under waves. Coastal Engineering, 42(2): 105-114

Nielsen P. 2002. Shear stress and sediment transport calculations for swash zone modelling. Coastal Engineering, 45(1): 53-60

Paphitis D, Collins M B. 2005. Sediment resuspension events within the (microtidal) coastal waters of Thermaikos Gulf, northern Greece. Continental Shelf Research, 25(19): 2350-2365

Ross J A, Peakall J, Keevil G M. 2011. An integrated model of extrusive sand injectites in cohesionless sediments. Sedimentology, 58(7): 1693-1715

Saito Y, Yang Zuosheng, Hori K. 2001. The Huanghe (Yellow River) and Changjiang (Yangtze River) deltas: a review on their characteristics, evolution and sediment discharge during the Holocene. Geomorphology, 41(2): 219-231

Seed H B, Rahman M S. 1978. Wave-induced pore pressure in relation to ocean floor stability of cohesionless soils. Marine Geotechnology, 3(2): 123-150

Soulsby R. 1997. Dynamics of Marine Sands. London: Thomas Telford, 249

Sumer B M, Kirca V S O, Fredsøe J. 2012. Experimental validation of a mathematical model for seabed liquefaction under waves. International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 22(2): 133-141

Tzang S Y. 1998. Unfluidized soil responses of a silty seabed to monochromatic waves. Coastal Engineering, 35(4): 283-301

Tzang S Y, Ou S H, Hsu T W. 2009. Laboratory flume studies on monochromatic wave-fine sandy bed interactions: Part 2. Sediment suspensions. Coastal Engineering, 56(3): 230-243

van Duin E H S, Lijklema L. 1989. The development of an operational two-dimensional water quality model for Lake Marken, the Netherlands. Water Science & Technology, 21(12): 1817-1820

Van Raaphorst W, Malschaert H, Van Harren H. 1998. Tidal resuspension and deposition of particulate matter in the Oyster Grounds, North Sea. Journal of Marine Research, 56(1): 257-291

Wang Y H. 2003. The intertidal erosion rate of cohesive sediment: a case study from Long Island Sound. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 56(5): 891-896

Wolanski E, Spagnol S. 2003. Dynamics of the turbidity maximum in King Sound, tropical Western Australia. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 56(5): 877-890

Wright L D, Friedrichs C T, Kim S C, et al. 2001. Effects of ambient currents and waves on gravity-driven sediment transport on continental shelves. Marine Geology, 175(1): 25-45

Xu Guohui. 2006. Study on the landslide of gentle-slope silty seabed under waves: a case of the Yellow River Subaqueous Delta (in Chinese) [dissertation]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China

Xu Guohui, Liu Zhiqin, Sun Yongfu, et al. 2016. Experimental characterization of storm liquefaction deposits sequences. Marine Geology, 382: 191-199

You Zaijin. 2005. Fine sediment resuspension dynamics in a large semi-enclosed bay. Ocean Engineering, 32(16): 1982-1993

Yuan Ye, Wei Hao, Zhao Liang, et al. 2009. Implications of intermittent turbulent bursts for sediment resuspension in a coastal bottom boundary layer: a field study in the western Yellow Sea, China. Marine Geology, 263(1): 87-96

Ye Jianhong. 2012. 3D liquefaction criteria for seabed considering the cohesion and friction of soil. Applied Ocean Research, 37: 111-119

Zhang Shaotong, Jia Yonggang, Guo Lei, et al. 2016a. In-situ observation of sediment deposition process in Chengdao sea area of the Yellow River estuary. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology (in Chinese), 36(3): 171-181

Zhang Shaotong, Jia Yonggang, Liu Xiaolei, et al. 2016b. Feature and mechanism of sediment dynamic changing processes in the modern Yellow River Delta. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology (in Chinese), 36(6): 33-44

Zhang Shaotong, Jia Yonggang, Wen Mingzheng, et al. 2017. Vertical migration of fine-grained sediments from interior to surface of seabed driven by seepage flows-"sub-bottom sediment pump action". Journal of Ocean University of China, 16(1): 15-24

Zhang Shaotong, Jia Yonggang, Zhang Yaqi, et al. 2018. Influence of seepage flows on the erodibility of fluidized silty sediments: parameterization and mechanisms. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans: doi: 10.1002/2018JC013805

Relative Articles

Supplements(0)

Cited By

Proportional views