Coastal protection using building with nature concept: A case study from Chongming Dongtan Shoal, China

Zhentao Chong; Min Zhang; Jiahong Wen; Luyang Wang; Jie Mi; Jeremy Bricker; Stanley Nmor; Zhijun Dai

doi:10.1007/s13131-021-1761-y

Volume 40 Issue 10

Oct. 2021

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Article Navigation > Acta Oceanologica Sinica > 2021 > 40(10): 152-166

Zhentao Chong, Min Zhang, Jiahong Wen, Luyang Wang, Jie Mi, Jeremy Bricker, Stanley Nmor, Zhijun Dai. Coastal protection using building with nature concept: A case study from Chongming Dongtan Shoal, China[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(10): 152-166. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1761-y

Citation:

Zhentao Chong, Min Zhang, Jiahong Wen, Luyang Wang, Jie Mi, Jeremy Bricker, Stanley Nmor, Zhijun Dai. Coastal protection using building with nature concept: A case study from Chongming Dongtan Shoal, China[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(10): 152-166. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1761-y

Citation:

Zhentao Chong, Min Zhang, Jiahong Wen, Luyang Wang, Jie Mi, Jeremy Bricker, Stanley Nmor, Zhijun Dai. Coastal protection using building with nature concept: A case study from Chongming Dongtan Shoal, China[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2021, 40(10): 152-166. doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1761-y

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Coastal protection using building with nature concept: A case study from Chongming Dongtan Shoal, China

doi: 10.1007/s13131-021-1761-y

1.
School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research (East China Normal University), Shanghai 200241, China
3.
Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CN Delft, The Netherlands
4.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
5.
Department of Estuarine and Delta Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, 4400 AC Yerseke, The Netherlands

Funds: The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 51761135024, 42171282 and 41701001; the Key Projects of Intergovernmental Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation of the Ministry of Science and Technology in China under contract No. 2018YFE0109900; the International Science & Technology Cooperation Foundation Projects of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission under contract No. 19230712400; the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under contract No. 2018M630414.

More Information

Corresponding author: E-mail: zhangmin@shnu.edu.cn
Received Date: 2020-09-14
Accepted Date: 2021-05-14

Available Online: 2021-09-14

Publish Date: 2021-10-30

Abstract

Abstract

With climate change and rising sea levels, the coastal zone’s flood risk is deteriorating. Previous researches have shown a gradually degrading capacity of traditional hard engineering structures (e.g., seawall, dikes) on flood mitigation due to problems such as land subsidence and insufficient maintenance. To remedy the defects, the “building with nature concept” for coastal protection with saltmarshes was examined by combining field measurements and numerical simulations. The advantages of saltmarsh over traditional seawall on flood protection was demonstrated from the perspective of both flood area mitigation and economic gain, based on scenario simulations. Results show that tidal wetlands are essential in mitigating significant wave heights (H_s) and current velocities even during storm conditions. The storm wave and current velocity reduction ratio ($R{R}_{{\rm{w}}}$ and $R{R}_{{\rm{c}}}$) by saltmarshes on Chongming Dongtan Shoal (CMDS) during Typhoon 9711 is approximately 11% and 51%, respectively. The wave and current mitigation by Scirpus mariqueter are more efficient than Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis during measurements in 2010, which were approximately 0.3 m and 0.2 m/s, 0.125 m and 0.155 m/s, 0.086 m and 0.128 m/s per kilometer width, respectively. The summer saltmarsh area 54.2 km² on CMDS protects approximately 32 km² land area behind the seawall from being flooded, equivalent to the seawall heightening of approximately 0.42 m on equivalent flood mitigation. The performance of cost-and-benefit analysis shows a relatively higher (by 3%–7%) net present value (NPV) and a higher (by 1.5 times) benefit-cost ratio (BC) of nature-based solution (i.e., saltmarsh restoration) compared with traditional hard engineering solution (i.e., seawall construction). Thus, building seawall with nature, such as a hybrid flood protection measure, should be implemented in the future coastal redesign and maintenance.
- nature-based flood protection,
- storm wave mitigation,
- numerical simulation,
- cost-benefit analysis,
- Chongming Dongtan Shoal

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References(62)

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