Volume 42 Issue 11
Nov.  2023
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Yunuo Liu, Guoqing Lin, Yan Zhang, Shenggui Deng, Lei Guo, Tao Liu. Study on strength properties and soil behaviour type classification of Huanghe River Delta silts based on variable rate piezocone penetration test[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2023, 42(11): 146-158. doi: 10.1007/s13131-022-2113-2
Citation: Yunuo Liu, Guoqing Lin, Yan Zhang, Shenggui Deng, Lei Guo, Tao Liu. Study on strength properties and soil behaviour type classification of Huanghe River Delta silts based on variable rate piezocone penetration test[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2023, 42(11): 146-158. doi: 10.1007/s13131-022-2113-2

Study on strength properties and soil behaviour type classification of Huanghe River Delta silts based on variable rate piezocone penetration test

doi: 10.1007/s13131-022-2113-2
Funds:  The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract No. U2006213.
More Information
  • Fine-grained silt is widely distributed in the Huanghe River Delta (HRD) in China, and the sedimentary structure is complex, meaning that the clay content in the silt is variable. The piezocone penetration test (CPTu) is the most widely approved in situ test method. It can be used to invert soil properties and interpret soil behavior. To analyse the strength properties of surface sediments in the HRD, this paper evaluated the friction angle and its inversion formula through the CPTu penetration test and monotonic simple shear test and other soil unit experiments. The evaluation showed that the empirical formula proposed by Kulhawy and Mayne had better prediction and inversion effect. The HRD silts with clay contents of 9.2%, 21.4% and 30.3% were selected as samples for the CPTu variable rate penetration test. The results show as follows. (1) The effects of the clay content on the tip resistance and the pore pressure of silt under different penetration rates were summarized. The tip resistance Qt is strongly dependent on the clay content of the silt, the $ {B}_{q} $ value of the silt tends to 0 and is not significantly affected by the change of the CPTu penetration rate. (2) Five soil behavior type classification charts and three soil behavior type indexes based on CPTu data were evaluated. The results show that the soil behavior type classification chart based on soil behavior type index ${I}_{{\rm{SBT}}}$, the Robertson 2010 behavior type classification chart are more suitable for the silty soil in the HRD.
  • loading
  • Albatal A, Stark N, Castellanos B. 2020. Estimating in situ relative density and friction angle of nearshore sand from portable free-fall penetrometer tests. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 57(1): 17–31. doi: 10.1139/cgj-2018-0267
    Begemann H K S. 1965. The friction jacket cone as an aid in determining the soil profile. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering. Montreal: Springer, 17−20
    Brandon T L, Rose A T, Duncan J M. 2006. Drained and undrained strength interpretation for low-plasticity silts. Journal of Geotechnical & Geoenvironmental Engineering, 132(2): 250–257
    Brouwer H. 2007. In Situ Soil Testing. East Sussex: Lankelma, 144
    Cai Guojun, Liu Songyu, Puppala A J. 2011. Comparison of CPT charts for soil classification using PCPT data: example from clay deposits in Jiangsu Province, China. Engineering Geology, 121(1−2): 89–96. doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2011.04.016
    Chang Fangqiang. 2009. Study on mechanism of wave-induced submarine landslide at the Yellow River Estuary, China (in Chinese)[dissertation]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China
    Cheng Chao. 2007. Research on liquefaction evaluation criteria for silty soil in Yellow River Delta (in Chinese)[dissertation]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China
    Cheng Guodong, Xue Chunting. 1997. Sedimentary Geology of the Yellow River Delta (in Chinese). Beijing: Geological Publishing House
    Douglas B J, Olsen R S. 1981. Soil classification using electric cone penetrometer. In: Proceedings of Conference on Cone Penetration Testing and Experience. St. Louis: ASCE, 209–227
    Eslami A, Fellenius B H. 1997. Pile capacity by direct CPT and CPTu methods applied to 102 case histories. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 34(6): 886–904. doi: 10.1139/t97-056
    Feng Xiuli, Ye Yincan, Ma Yanxia, et al. 2002. Silt pore pressure response and dynamic strength under dynamic loading. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao (in Chinese), 32(3): 429–433
    Finke K A, Mayne P W, Klopp R A. 2001. Piezocone penetration testing in Atlantic Piedmont residuum. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 127(1): 48–54. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:1(48)
    Geiser F, Laloui L, Vulliet L. 2006. Elasto-plasticity of unsaturated soils: laboratory test results on a remoulded silt. Soils and Foundations, 46(5): 545–556. doi: 10.3208/sandf.46.545
    Holmsgaard R, Ibsen L B, Nielsen B N. 2016. Interpretation of seismic cone penetration testing in silty soil. Electronic Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 21(15): 4759–4779
    Jefferies M G, Davies M P. 1991. Soil classification by the cone penetration test: Discussion. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 28(1): 173–176. doi: 10.1139/t91-023
    Jefferies M G, Davies M P. 1993. Use of CPTU to estimate equivalent SPT N60. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 16(4): 458–468. doi: 10.1520/GTJ10286J
    Jia Yonggang, Shan Hongxian, Yang Xiujuan, et al. 2011. Sediment Dynamics and Geologic Hazards in the Estuary of Yellow River, China (in Chinese). Beijing: Science Press
    Jones G A, Rust E. 1982. Piezometer penetration testing CUPT. In: 2nd European Symposium on Penetration Testing. Amsterdam: CRC Press, 607–613
    Kulhawy F H, Mayne P W. 1990. Manual on estimating soil properties for foundation design. Palo Alto, CA: Electric Power Research Institute
    Librić L, Jurić-Kaćunić D, Kovačević M S. 2017. Application of Cone Penetration Test (Cpt) Results for Soil Classification. Građevinar, 69(1): 11–20
    Liu Jie. 2014. Analysis of consolidation settlement and its contribution to topographical change in the Modern Yellow River subaqueous delta (in Chinese)[dissertation]. Qingdao: Ocean University of China
    Liu Xiaoyu, Liu Huixin, Sun Yongfu, et al. 2012. Experimental study of pore water pressure development mode of silt with different clay content under dynamic load. Coastal Engineering (in Chinese), 31(1): 1–7
    Liu Hongjun, Lü Wenfang, Yang Junjie, et al. 2009. Influence of initial dry density and clay content on steady state strength of silty soil in Yellow River Delta. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering (in Chinese), 31(8): 1287–1291
    Liu Shengfa, Zhuang Zhenye, Lü Haiqing, et al. 2006. The strata and environmental evolution in the late quaternary in the Chengdao area and modern Yellow River Delt Coast. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology (in Chinese), 2006(4): 32–37
    Long M. 2008. Design parameters from in situ tests in soft ground—recent developments. In: Geotechnical and Geophysical Site Characterization. London: CRC Press, 89–116
    Lu Hongyou, Li Guangxue. 2003. The features of scouring and silting and the prediction of water depth in the Chengdao area of the Yellow River Delta in recent years. Journal of Chang’an University: Earth Science Edition (in Chinese), 25(1): 57–61
    Lunne T, Christoffersen H P. 1983. Interpretation of cone penetrometer data for offshore sands. In: Proceedings of the Annual Offshore Technology Conference. Richardson, Texas: 181–192
    Mayne P W. 2006. The Second James K. Mitchell Lecture Undisturbed sand strength from seismic cone tests. Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 1(4): 239–257. doi: 10.1080/17486020601035657
    Meng Xiangmei, Jia Yonggang, Liu Xiaoli. 2008. Study on zoning and liquefaction induced by wave of Chengdao in Yellow River Delta. Journal of Engineering Geology (in Chinese), 16(S1): 44–53
    Mitchell J K, Lunne T A. 1978. Cone resistance as measure of sand strength. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, 104(7): 995–1012. doi: 10.1061/AJGEB6.0000676
    Qi Shanzhong, Liu Haili. 2017. Natural and anthropogenic hazards in the Yellow River Delta, China. Natural Hazards, 85(3): 1907–1911. doi: 10.1007/s11069-016-2638-9
    Robertson P K. 1990. Soil classification using the cone penetration test. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 27(1): 151–158. doi: 10.1139/t90-014
    Robertson P K. 2009. Interpretation of cone penetration tests—a unified approach. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 46(11): 1337–1355. doi: 10.1139/T09-065
    Robertson P K. 2010. Soil behaviour type from the CPT: an update. In: 2nd International Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing. Huntington Beach: Cone Penetration Testing Organizing Committee, 575–583
    Robertson P K, Campanella R G. 1983. Interpretation of cone penetration tests. Part I: Sand. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 20(4): 719–733
    Robertson P K, Campanella R G, Gillespie D. 1986. Seismic CPT to measure in situ shear wave velocity. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 112(8): 791–803. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9410(1986)112:8(791)
    Robertson P K, Wride C E. 1998. Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 35(3): 442–459. doi: 10.1139/t98-017
    Senneset K, Janbu N. 1985. Shear strength parameters obtained from static cone penetration tests. In: Strength Testing of Marine sediments: Laboratory and In-Situ Measurement. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, 41–54
    Shahri A A, Malehmir A, Juhlin C. 2015. Soil classification analysis based on piezocone penetration test data—A case study from a quick-clay landslide site in southwestern Sweden. Engineering Geology, 189: 32–47. doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.01.022
    Schneider J A, Randolph M F, Mayne P W, et al. 2008. Analysis of factors influencing soil classification using normalized piezocone tip resistance and pore pressure parameters. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 134(11): 1569–1586. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2008)134:11(1569)
    Song Binghui, Sun Yongfu, Song Yupeng, et al. 2020. Post-liquefaction re-compaction effect on the cyclic behavior of natural marine silty soil in the Yellow River Delta. Ocean Engineering, 195: 106753. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.106753
    Suzuki Y. 2015. Investigation and interpretation of cone penetration rate effects [dissertation]. Crawley, WA, Australia: The University of Western Australia
    Tonni L, Gottardi G. 2011. Analysis and interpretation of piezocone data on the silty soils of the Venetian lagoon (Treporti test site). Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 48(4): 616–633. doi: 10.1139/t10-085
    Wang Hu, Liu Hongjun. 2016. Evaluation of storm wave-induced silty seabed instability and geo-hazards: A case study in the Yellow River Delta. Applied Ocean Research, 58: 135–145. doi: 10.1016/j.apor.2016.03.013
    Wang Xiaohua, Liu Hongjun, Jia Yonggang. 2008. The research on the mineral characteristics of sediment and the responce to the hydrodynamic conditions of the tidal flat, at the northern Yellow River Delta. Marine Science (in Chinese), 32(2): 42–46
    Wang Hu, Liu Hongjun, Zhang Minsheng, et al. 2014. Undrained shear strength behavior of ocean silt under low stress conditions and its application to analyzing submarine shallow landslides. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering (in Chinese), 33(4): 849–856
    Wen Mingzheng, Wang Zhenhao, Zhang Bowen, et al. 2018. Survey on the distribution of fluid mud and disturbed strata on subaqueous Yellow River Delta. Journal of Engineering Geology (in Chinese), 26(S1): 677–683
    Yang Zhongnian, Liu Xuesen, Su Xiuting, et al. 2022. CPT-Based evaluation of sediment characteristics and effective internal friction angle in the Yellow River Estuary. Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, 40(9): 1108–1118
    Yang Zhongnian, Zhu Yongmao, Liu Tao, et al. 2019. Pumping effect of wave-induced pore pressure on the development of fluid mud layer. Ocean Engineering, 189: 106391. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.106391
    Zhang Yan, Feng Xiuli, Deng Shenggui, et al. 2022a. Pore pressure response and dissipation of piezocone test in shallow silty soil of Yellow River Delta. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(2): 225. doi: 10.3390/jmse10020225
    Zhang Yan, Feng Xiuli, Ding Chenhao, et al. 2022b. Study of cone penetration rate effects in the Yellow River Delta silty soils with different clay contents and state parameters. Ocean Engineering, 250: 110982. doi: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.110982
    Zhang Jiarui, Meng Qingsheng, Zhang Yan, et al. 2022c. Effect of penetration rates on the piezocone penetration test in the Yellow River Delta silt. Journal of Ocean University of China, 21(2): 361–374. doi: 10.1007/s11802-022-4934-1
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索

    Figures(22)  / Tables(7)

    Article Metrics

    Article views (222) PDF downloads(6) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return