Salinity fronts shape spatial patterns in zooplankton distribution in Hangzhou Bay

Yepeng Xu; Yiqi Wang; Lin Zhan; Yijun Ou; Kangning Jia; Ming Mao; Xuyu Zhu; Zhibing Jiang; Yuanli Zhu; Wei Huang; Ping Du; Jiangning Zeng; Lu Shou; Feng Zhou

doi:10.1007/s13131-024-2374-z

Volume 43 Issue 6

Jun. 2024

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Article Navigation > Acta Oceanologica Sinica > 2024 > 43(6): 96-106

Yepeng Xu, Yiqi Wang, Lin Zhan, Yijun Ou, Kangning Jia, Ming Mao, Xuyu Zhu, Zhibing Jiang, Yuanli Zhu, Wei Huang, Ping Du, Jiangning Zeng, Lu Shou, Feng Zhou. Salinity fronts shape spatial patterns in zooplankton distribution in Hangzhou Bay[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2024, 43(6): 96-106. doi: 10.1007/s13131-024-2374-z

Citation:

Yepeng Xu, Yiqi Wang, Lin Zhan, Yijun Ou, Kangning Jia, Ming Mao, Xuyu Zhu, Zhibing Jiang, Yuanli Zhu, Wei Huang, Ping Du, Jiangning Zeng, Lu Shou, Feng Zhou. Salinity fronts shape spatial patterns in zooplankton distribution in Hangzhou Bay[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2024, 43(6): 96-106. doi: 10.1007/s13131-024-2374-z

Citation:

Yepeng Xu, Yiqi Wang, Lin Zhan, Yijun Ou, Kangning Jia, Ming Mao, Xuyu Zhu, Zhibing Jiang, Yuanli Zhu, Wei Huang, Ping Du, Jiangning Zeng, Lu Shou, Feng Zhou. Salinity fronts shape spatial patterns in zooplankton distribution in Hangzhou Bay[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2024, 43(6): 96-106. doi: 10.1007/s13131-024-2374-z

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Salinity fronts shape spatial patterns in zooplankton distribution in Hangzhou Bay

doi: 10.1007/s13131-024-2374-z

Yepeng Xu^{1, 2},
Yiqi Wang³,
Lin Zhan^{1, 2},
Yijun Ou^{1, 2},
Kangning Jia^{1, 2},
Ming Mao^{1, 2},
Xuyu Zhu⁴,
Zhibing Jiang^{1, 2, 3, 5, 6},
Yuanli Zhu^{1, 2, 3, 6},
Wei Huang^{1, 2, 3, 5, 6},
Ping Du^{1, 2, 3, 5, 6
,
,},
Jiangning Zeng^{1, 2, 3, 6},
Lu Shou^{1, 2, 3, 5, 6},
Feng Zhou^{3, 6}

1.
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Nearshore Engineering Environment and Ecological Security of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310012, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
4.
Nantong Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Nantong 226002, China
5.
Key Laboratory of Ocean Space Resource Management Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
6.
Observation and Research Station of Marine Ecosystem in the Yangtze River Delta, Ministry of Natural Resources, Zhoushan 316021, China

Funds: The National Key Research and Development Program of China under contact No. 2021YFC3101702; the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province under contact Nos LY22D060006 and LY14D060007; the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang under contact No. 2022C03044; the Project of Long-term Observation and Research Plan in the Changjiang Estuary and Adjacent East China Sea (LORCE) under contact No. SZ2001.

More Information

Corresponding author: duping@sio.org.cn (Ping Du)
Received Date: 2023-11-22
Accepted Date: 2024-01-15

Available Online: 2024-07-09

Publish Date: 2024-06-30

Abstract

Abstract

Ocean fronts play important roles in nutrient transport and in the shaping ecological patterns. Frontal zones in small bays are typically small in scale, have a complex structure, and they are spatially and temporally variable, but there are limited data on how biological communities respond to this variation. Hangzhou Bay, a medium-sized estuary in China, is an ideal place in which to study the response of plankton to small-scale ocean fronts, because three water masses (Qiantang River Diluted Water, Changjiang River Diluted Water, and the East China Sea current) converge here and form dynamic salinity fronts throughout the year. We investigate zooplankton communities, and temperature, salinity and chlorophyll a (Chl a) in Hangzhou Bay in June (wet period) and December (dry period) of 2022 and examine the dominant environmental factors that affect zooplankton community spatial variability. We then match the spatial distributions of zooplankton communities with those of salinity fronts. Salinity is the most important explanatory variable to affect zooplankton community spatial variability during both wet and dry periods, in that it contributes >60% of the variability in community structure. Furthermore, the spatial distributions of zooplankton match well with salinity fronts. During December, with weaker Qiantang River Diluted Water and a stronger secondary Changjiang River Plume, zooplankton communities occur in moderate salinity (MS, salinity range 15.6 ± 2.2) and high salinity (HS, 22.4 ± 1.7) regions, and their ecological boundaries closely match the Qiantang River Diluted Water front. In June, different zooplankton communities occur in low salinity (LS, 3.9 ± 1.0), MS (11.7 ± 3.6) and HS (21.3 ± 1.9) regions. Although the LS region occurs abnormally in the central bay rather than its apex because of the anomalous influence of rising and falling tides during the sampling period, the ecological boundaries still match salinity interfaces. Low-salinity or brackish-water zooplankter taxa are relatively more abundant in LS or MS regions, and the biomass and abundance of zooplankton is higher in the MS region.
- zooplankton,
- spatial distribution,
- salinity fronts,
- Hangzhou Bay

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