The main processes of interaction between the coastal water, shelf water and Kuroshiowater in the Huanghai Sea (HS) and East China Sea (ECS) are analyzed based on the observation and study results in recent years. These processes include the intrusion of the Kuroshio water into the shelf area of the ECS, the entrainment of the shelf water into the Kuroshio, the seasonal process in the southern shelf area of the ECS controlled alternatively by the Taiwan Strait water and the Kuroshio water intruding into the shelf area, the interaction between the Kuroshio branch water, shelf mixed water and modified coastal water in the northeastern ECS, the water-exchange between the HS and ECS and the spread of the Changjiang diluted water.

The separation of the Kuroshio water in the northeastern East China Sea and its interaction with the shelf water are analysed on the basis of CTD data and the observations of 11 satellite-tracked surface drifters conducted by the R/V Onnuri of Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute during August 25-September 7, 1994 and then the formation process of the Tsushitna Current in summer is also dixussed.

Based on satellite altimeter and reanalysis data, this paper studies the relationships between the intensity of the Kuroshio current in the East China Sea (ECS) and the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). The mechanisms of their possible interaction are also discussed. Results indicate that adjacent transects show consistent variations, and on an interannual timescale, when the EAWM is anomalously strong (weak), the downstream Kuroshio in the ECS is suppressed (enhanced) in the following year from February to April. This phenomenon can be attributed to both the dynamic effect (i.e., Ekman transport) and the thermal effect of the EAWM. When the EAWM strengthens (weakens), the midstream and downstream Kuroshio in the ECS are also suppressed (intensified) during the following year from October to December. The mechanisms vary for these effects. The EAWM exerts its influence on the Kuroshio's intensity in the following year through the tropospheric biennial oscillation (TBO), and oceanic forcing is dominant during this time. The air-sea interaction is modulated by the relative strength of the EAWM and the Kuroshio in the ECS. The non-equivalence of spatial scales between the monsoon and the Kuroshio determines that their interactions are aided by processes with a smaller spatial scale-i.e., local wind stress and heating at the sea surface.

Wave and longshore current interaction was examined based on the numerical models. In these models, water waves in the presence of longshore currents were modeled by parabolic mild slope equation, and wave breaking induced longshore currents were modeled by shallow water equation. Water wave provided the radiation stress gradients to drive current. Wave and longshore current interactions were considered by cycling the wave and longshore current models to a steady state. The experiments for regular and irregular breaking wave induced longshore currents by Hamilton and Ebersole (2001) and Reniers and Battjes (1997) were simulated. The numerical results indicate that the present models are effective for simulating the interaction of wave and breaking wave induced longshore currents, and the numerically simulated longshore current at wave breaking point considering wave and longshore current interaction show some disagreement with those neglecting the wave-current interaction, and the breaking wave induced longshore current effect on wave transformation is not obvious.

A method for analyzing reflection and transmission of ocean waves from a semi-infinite elastic plate with a draft is developed.The relation of energy conservation for plates with three different edge conditions (free, simply supported and built-in) is also derived.It is found that the present method satisfies the energy relation very well.The effects of draft on wave reflection and transmission coefficients as well as on the vertical vibration of the plates are examined through numerical tests.It is demonstrated that the zero draft assumption works well for low wave frequencies, but the effect of plate draft becomes significant for high wave frequencies.

Having proved the stochastic model of air-sea interaction given by Mitchell (1956) to be a particular case of stochastic-dynamic model with linear air-sea feedback mechanism, this paper further develops the model.Several parameters in this model are evaluted with climatological data of the stations situated along the east coast of China, and some problems concerned are discussed.

The distribution of wind speed in the easterly in the tropics is not uniform.In the part with large curvature,such as lines of trough and ridge,the wind speed is small,while in the part with small curvature,the wind speed is large.In this paper,these phenomena are expounded with gradient wind equation.
Considering the distribution of wind speed,we find the wave speed formula from linearized vorticity and divergence equation.The wave speed is equal to the sum of the Rossby wave speed and a harmonic function for x and t.Its period is about 3.5 days.And it is proved that the disturbance is barotropic instability.The results are caused by interaction between meriodional and zonal disturbances.

A nonhydrostatic numerical model was developed and numerical experiments performed on the interaction of an internal solitary wave (ISW) with a sill, for a two-layer fluid with a diffusive interface. Based on the blocking parameter (B_r), the flow was classified into three cases: (1) when bottom topography has little influence on the propagation and spatial structure of the ISW (B_r<0.5), (2) where the ISW is distorted significantly by the blocking effect of the topography (though no wave breaking occurs, (0.5< B_r <0.7), and (3) where the ISW is broken as it encounters and passes over the bottom topography (0.7<B_r). The numerical results obtained here are consistent with those obtained in laboratory experiments. The breaking process of the incident ISW when B_r≈0.7 was completely reproduced. Dissipation rate was linearly related to the blocking parameter when B_r<0.7, and the maximum dissipation rate could reach about 34% as B_r raised to about 1.0. After that, instead of breaking, more reflection happened. Similarly, breaking induced mixing was also most effective during B_r around 1.0, and can be up to 0.16.

The theory of barotropic, shallow-sea ocean currents and storm surges considered from the viewpoint of air-sea interaction is presented. A 4-layer quasi-balanced dynamical model for a simulation of the structures of both the atmospheric and the marine planetary boundary layers is obtained by an analytical approach. A simplified scheme governing the storm surges induced by a slowly travelling circular atmospheric vortex is deduced.

On the basis of the idea in our work (Jiang and Wallace, 1991), the horizontal structure of SST pattern, the atmospheric response to SST change and the atmospheric forcing of the ocean in the Northern Pacific during the cold season are discussed. The results show that PNA pattern is the most prominent normal mode in the atmosphere-ocean interaction in the Northern Pacific during the cold season.