研究了代表性大分子有机化合物（MOCs）以及不同分子量的天然有机质（NDOM）对海水中Pt、Pd、Rh（PGEs）的吸附动力学。所选用的大分子有机质包括腐殖酸、卡拉胶、牛血清白蛋白，其分子量均>10 kDa；海水中天然有机质通过切向超滤方法获得，分为分子量 >1 kDa组分与 > 3 kDa组分两种。在实验时间内，除了>1 kDa的NDOM组分对Pt、腐殖酸对Pd的吸附达到平衡外，其余的吸附都没有达到平衡。对于MOCs，其对PGEs的吸附分为两个阶段：前8 h的快速吸附阶段和8 h后的解吸阶段。PGEs离子在MOCs中的分配系数（log₁₀K_d）随实验时间的变化与其动力学的变化趋势一致。但在NDOM对PGEs的吸附中，其log₁₀K_d变化与动力学变化之间存在明显差异。这表明海水中PGEs离子与NDOM的分配行为可能受到多种有机组分的综合控制。PGEs在>1 kDa的NDOM组分中的吸附量及log₁₀K_d都大于>3 kDa的NDOM组分，表明1-3 kDa的NDOM组分可能对PGEs离子和NDOM之间的相互作用有重要影响。现有的动力学模型都不能很好地模拟PGEs与受试有机质之间的吸附过程，表明海水中MOCs或NDOM的胶体结构和形态可能不均匀，PGEs离子与海水中溶解有机物之间的相互作用是一个复杂的过程。

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is generally thought to be lost from the surface oceans by evasion into the atmosphere as well as consumption by microbe.However, photochemical process might be important in the removal of DMS in the oceanic photic zone.A kinetic investigation into the photochemical oxidation of DMS in seawater was performed.The photo-oxidation rates of DMS were influenced by various factors including the medium, dissolved oxygen, photosensitizers, and heavy metal ions.The photo-oxidation rates of DMS were higher in seawater than in distilled water, presumably due to the effect of salinity existing in seawater.Three usual photosensitizers (humic acid, fulvic acid and anthroquinone), especially in the presence of oxygen, were able to enhance the photo-oxidation rate of DMS, with the fastest rate observed with anthroquinone.Photo-oxidation of DMS followed first order reaction kinetics with the rate constant ranging from 2.5×10^-5 to 34.3×10^-5 s^-1.Quantitative analysis showed that approximately 32% of the photochemically removed DMS was converted to dimethylsulfoxide.One of the important findings was that the presence of Hg²⁺ could markedly accelerate the photo-oxidation rate of DMS in seawater.The mechanism of mercuric catalysis for DMS photolysis was suggested according to the way of CTTM (charge transfer to metal) of DMS-Hg²⁺ complex.

The crude enzyme, which was extracted from viscera of Lunella coronata coreensis (Recluz), was salted out and dialysed. Three enzymatic peaks isolated from DEAE-cellulose column chromatography were refered to as lyase Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ, respectively. Then these lyases underwent gel-filtration on Sephadex G-25 respectively, and three purer lyases were derived therefrom, the highest purification being 73 fold.
The kinetics of the three lyases was tested respectively. The optimum pH was as follows:lyase Ⅰ was 7.6±0.02 Tris-HCl buffer; lyase Ⅱ was 6.6±0.02 Na₂HPO₄-NaH₂PO₄ buffer; and lyase Ⅲ was 5.6±0.02 HAc-NaAc buffer. In the rang of tested concentration, KCl and Nad were the activator and MnCl₂ was the inhibitor, all for the three lyases; MgCl₂ was the activator for lyases Ⅰ and Ⅱ, but the MgCl₂ of high concentration was the inhibitor for lyase Ⅲ; Pb (OAc)₂ acted differently for three lyases. The Km values of these lyases were 0.2, 0.6 and 0.04 mg/ml in order of precedence.

Light-saturation curves of Dicrateriia inornata at various temperatures were determined by using ¹⁴C-labelling technique.Kinetics of light-intensity adapation was also analyzed in combination with Chl.a determination and cell enumeration measurements.The responx of cellular Chl.a in light transition processes can be appoximately described with the first order kinetic model The model between temperature and maximum growth rate was established by using the Arrhenius equation.

A principle, which has usually been applied to biochemical treatment for waste water is presently introduced into the study on marine microbiological ecology and employed in the estimation of environmental capacity.By means of a selection of 3 models for the microbial growth or for its oxygen consumption and determinations of concerned parameters in the field and the laboratory, the environmental capacity for the Restern Xiamen Harbour is evaluated to be 37 t·d^-1 of BOD₅ in gross or 28 t·d^-1 in net (with some 2500 of the gross capacity consumed by a present ecosystem) if BOD₅ is controlled without excess of 3 mg·dm^-3 in the sea water; it means that an amount of domestic waste water equal to 28 t of BOns can be naturally self-purified in this sea area everyday.Furthermore it is found that the K value, a constant of oxygen-consumed kinetics, shows possitive correlation to the concentration of BOD₅ in the same system and total bacterial number (T_B) in the seawater also to BOD₅ with a regression equation T_B (10⁸ dm^-3)=9.91×BOD₅ (mg·dm^-3)+1.74 (n=32.r=0.544 1, p<0.01).

为研究琼东南盆地深水区烃源岩的生烃过程和生气潜力,应用封闭体系高温高压热模拟实验和Kinetics软件,获取了盆内渐新统崖城组主力烃源岩(煤和浅海泥岩)生气的活化能和频率因子等动力学参数:浅海泥岩的C₁-C₅活化能分布介于50-74 kcal/mol之间、频率因子是2.4×10¹⁵s^-1,煤样的C₁-C₅活化能分布介于49-73 kcal/mol之间、频率因子是8.92×10¹³s^-1;进而结合地层埋藏史和热史资料,建立了崖城组烃源岩逼近地下条件的生气模式,揭示其主生气阶段对应的Ro在1.25%-2.85%之间;同时,模拟再现了深水区陵水凹陷中部、南部斜坡和凸起等不同构造位置的崖城组烃源岩生气史.其中,陵水凹陷中部和南斜坡崖城组烃源岩大量生气时间分别发生在距今10Ma和5Ma;后者的生气高峰期出现在距今3 Ma之后,晚期快速生气且生气强度大(20×10⁸-60×10⁸ m³/km²),为该区天然气聚集成藏提供了有利的烃源条件.本研究成果对盆内深水勘探区带选择和目标评价有重要指导作用.

To find out the decay character of residual chlorine (RC) in the sea water, the concentration of RC was analyzed by N, N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) method under different simulation experimental conditions, in which salinity, temperature, and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were selected. The water used in the experiment was the mixture of aging ocean water, coastal water and extracting solution of coastal sediment at appropriate level. Results are shown as follows:(1) Piecewise function can well reflect the decay dynamics of RC in the cooling seawater. Concretely, the decay dynamics of first 1 min is too rapid to ascertain using a specific kinetic function, and that of the time from 1 to 30 min is fit for the first-order kinetic model. (2) The results could be the foundation of the chemical behavior of RC in seawater, and be used as not only the guidance of the coastal power plants production and sea water desalting companies, but also the establishment of the correlative trade standard.

烃源岩生成天然气的过程，可以通过琼东南盆地海陆过渡相的崖城组泥岩和煤来模拟，其有机质类型为II₂-III型。主要基于浅水区的地质模型，利用化学动力学方法，求取崖城组烃源岩的动力学参数，定量评价深水区天然气的生成及地质预测。为此，模拟了天然气中的甲烷、乙烷、丙烷和重烃（C_4-6）四个组份。结果表明，该盆地自新构造期（5.3 Ma）以来，进入到沉积有机质的热裂解，外推生成甲烷的地温为110℃；当地温为200℃时，浅水区崖城组烃源岩生成的乙烷、丙烷和重烃（C_4-6）的归一化转化率已达0.8，而甲烷的仅为0.5；通过对比可知，深水区甲烷的生成温度达300℃时，其归一化转化率才能达到0.8。这对于深水区盆地和我国其它海上含油气盆地天然气的生成和勘探非常有利。因此，我国海域的油气勘探，首要考虑琼东南盆地深水区的乐东凹陷、陵水和北礁凹陷的构造圈闭，其次为凹陷周边的凹中隆，最后为我国广泛海域及深水区盆地的非构造圈闭。

The adsorption kinetics of Pb, Cu and Cd on hydrous ferrk oxide (HFO) has been approached in tthe simulated environmental conditions of the Changjiang Estuary.The forward adsorption rate constants of different systems under different temperatures have been determined, and the activation energies of the adsorption for Pb and Cu evaluated (Pb=7 kcal/mol, Cu=11 kcal/mol).The results show that Pb and Cu are strongly adsorbed by HFO; the order of their adsorption rate is found to be Pb ≥ Cu ≥ Cd, which follows thte order of their theonody-namic equilibrium constants.It has been demonstrated that the surface exchange-adsorption is the determining step of the solid-liquid interface process.The field investigation results are theoretically explained by the kinetic mechanism.

Five fucoidan fractions from Laminaria japonica with different sulfate content and molecular weight were prepared by anion-exchange chromatography and mild acid hydrolysis. Their antioxidant effects on azo radicals 2-2'-Azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were evaluated by monitoring cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides (CHL-OOH) formation kinetics through reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis. Fucoidan F-C with a low molecular mass of 2 000~8 000 and a sulfate content of 24.3% had much stronger protective antioxidant effect than other four fucoidan fractions on the hydrophilic radical AAPH induced LDL oxidation. However, the highly sulfated fucoidan fraction L-B with a molecular mass of 20 000 was completely ineffective in protecting LDL from the AAPH induced oxidation. The results suggested that both molecular mass and sulfate content of fucoidan played very important roles in their effects on the AAPH induced LDL oxidation.