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Connectivity of fish assemblages along the mangrove-seagrass-coral reef continuum in Wenchang, China
Jianguo Du, Meiling Xie, Yuyu Wang, Zehao Chen, Wenhua Liu, Jianji Liao, Bin Chen
2020, 39(8): 43-52. doi: 10.1007/s13131-019-1490-7  Published:2020-08-25
Keywords: connectivity, fish, mangrove, seagrass, coral reef, Wenchang, northern South China Sea
Understanding the connectivity of fish among different typical habitats is important for conducting ecosystem-based management, particularly when designing marine protected areas (MPA) or setting MPA networks. To clarify of connectivity among mangrove, seagrass beds, and coral reef habitats in Wenchang, Hainan Province, China, the fish community structure was studied in wet and dry seasons of 2018. Gill nets were placed across the three habitat types, and the number of species, individuals, and body size of individual fish were recorded. In total, 3 815 individuals belonging to 154 species of 57 families were collected. The highest number of individuals and species was documented in mangroves (117 species, 2 623 individuals), followed by coral reefs (61 species, 438 individuals) and seagrass beds (46 species, 754 individuals). The similarity tests revealed highly significant differences among the three habitats. Approximately 23.4% species used two habitats and 11.0% species used three habitats. A significant difference (p<0.05) in habitat use among eight species (Mugil cephalus, Gerres oblongus, Siganus fuscescens, Terapon jarbua, Sillago maculata, Upeneus tragula, Lutjanus russellii, and Monacanthus chinensis) was detected, with a clear ontogenetic shift in habitat use from mangrove or seagrass beds to coral reefs. The similarity indices suggested that fish assemblages can be divided into three large groups namely coral, seagrass, and mangrove habitat types. This study demonstrated that connectivity exists between mangrove–seagrass–coral reef continuum in Wenchang area; therefore, we recommend that fish connectivity should be considered when designing MPAs or MPA network where possible.
Diversity and abundance of mangrove fiddle crabs, genus Uca (Decapoda, Ocypodidae) at a mangrove in Kema, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
RIANTA Pratiwi, ERNAWATI Widyastuti, CHEN Guangcheng, CHEN Shunyang
2018, 37(12): 92-96. doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1336-8
Keywords: Crustacea, genus Uca, species, mangrove, North Sulawesi, Indonesia
Mangrove ecosystems are sites with high biodiversity of benthic fauna, and fiddler crabs (genus Uca) are common benthic fauna in mangroves. The North Sulawesi in Indonesia has a good condition of mangrove while the information of the fiddler crabs is still limited. Manual samplings were conducted in wet, dry and transient seasons at a mangrove in Kema, North Sulawesi to investigate the species composition, density and distribution pattern of fiddler crabs. A total of 168 individuals, subjected to eight species of genus Uca crabs were collected at the mangrove, with U. triangularis having the highest abundance and U. annulipes having the lowest abundance. The densities of fiddle crabs were 27.56 ind./m2, 32.89 ind./m2 and 14.22 ind./m2 at the seaward, middle and landward zones, respectively, and the density was higher in dry and wet seasons than in transient season.
Ecosystem carbon stock of a tropical mangrove forest in North Sulawesi, Indonesia
CHEN Shunyang, CHEN Bin, SASTROSUWONDO Pramudji, DHARMAWAN I Wayan Eka, OU Danyun, YIN Xijie, YU Weiwei, CHEN Guangcheng
2018, 37(12): 85-91. doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1290-5
Keywords: mangrove, carbon stock, biomass, soil, stable isotopes, Indonesia
Recent studies have highlighted the valuable role played by mangrove forests in carbon sequestration and storage. Although Indonesia accounts for a large proportion of global mangrove area, knowledge on the carbon stock and sources in the Indonesian mangrove is still limited. In this study, we quantified the ecosystem organic carbon (OC) stock and its spatial variation at an oceanic mangrove in Wori, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The sources of soil OC were also investigated. The results showed that the mangrove soil had a substantial OC stock containing 15.4 kg/m2 (calculated by carbon) in the top 50 cm soil, and represented the majority of the ecosystem OC stock at the Wori mangrove. The mangrove biomass and ecosystem OC stock were 8.3 kg/m2 and 23.7 kg/m2, respectively. There was no significantly difference in the soil OC stock among the stations with difference distances offshore, while the highest mangrove biomass OC stock was found at the seaward station. Isotope mixing calculations showed that the rich OC in mangrove soils was attributed to the accumulated autochthonous mangrove source while the suspended organic matter in tidal water and the mangrove-adjacent seagrass contributed less than 20% to the soil OC. The results further demonstrated the importances of the oceanic mangrove in carbon storage and the mangrove plants in contributing OC to their soils.
Metabolites from mangrove endophytic fungus Dothiorella sp.
XU Qingyan, WANG Jianfeng, HUANG Yaojian, ZHENG Zhonghui, SONG Siyang, ZHANG Yongmin, SU Wenjin
2004(3): 541-547.
Keywords: Dothiorella sp., mangrove, endophytic fungus, dothiorelones, cytosporone B
Mangroves are special woody plant communities in the intertidal zone of tropical and subtropical coasts.They prove to be a natural microorganisms and new metabolites storage.In the study of mangrove endophytic fungi metabolites,four new compounds,Compounds 1,2,3 and 4,as well as a known octaketide,oytosporone B(5),are isolated from an endophytic fungus,Dothiorella sp.,HTF3.They all show cytotoxic activities.The elucidation of these structures is mainly based on 1D/2D NMR and ESI-MS spectral analyses.
Mangrove swamp expansion controlled by climate since 1988: a case study in the Nanliu River Estuary, Guangxi, Southwest China
LIU Tao, TAO Yancheng, LIU Ying
2017, 36(12): 11-17. doi: 10.1007/s13131-017-1097-9
Keywords: mangrove, climate change, typhoon, tidal flat elevation
In the Nanliu River Estuary of Guangxi, China, the naturally expanding process of a mangrove swamp (primarily consist of Aegiceras corniculatum) over past decades is studied by satellite images. From 1988 to 2013, the area of studied mangrove swamp increased significantly from 60 hm2 to 134 hm2. The expanding process is not gradual and the significant expansion only took place in some special periods. To reveal the dynamic of mangrove swamp expansion, the evolution of tidal flat elevation and the climate change in past decades are studied respectively. The hydrodynamic condition and nutrient supply are also analysed. The study results show that the climate factors of typhoon intensity and annual minimum temperature are crucial for controlling mangrove expansion. A large number of mangrove seedlings on bare tidal flats can survive only in special climate optimum periods, which are continuous years of low typhoon intensity and high annual minimum temperature. In past decades, the scarcity of climate optimum periods resulted in a non-gradual process of mangrove expanding and a time lag of 30 years between the elevation reaching the low threshold for mangrove seedling survival and the eventual emergance of the mangrove. Compared with the climate factors, the hydrodynamic condition and nutrient supply are not important factors affecting mangrove expansion. In the future, combined with global warming, the enhanced frequency and energy of landing typhoons will most likely restrain the further expansion of this mangrove swamp.
Sources and distributions of terrigenous organic matter in a mangrove fringed small tropical estuary in South China
BAO Hongyan, WU Ying, TIAN Lixin, ZHANG Jing, ZHANG Guiling
2013, 32(4): 18-26. doi: 10.1007/s13131-013-0295-3
Keywords: mangrove, lignin phenols, carbon isotope, organic matter, small river
The sources and distributions of terrigenous organic matter (OM) were investigated in a small tropical estuary in the Hainan Island, South China. Plants, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and surface sediments samples in the estuary and coast were collected. Bulk properties [organic carbon (OC%), total nitrogen (TN%), stable carbon isotope (δ13C) and grain size] and lignin phenol concentrations were measured. OC% of mangrove plants was (43.4±2.1)%, which is similar to the values reported for mangrove plants in other regions. OC% of sediment samples ranged from 0.07% to 1.42%, and they were related to the sediment texture. Lignin phenols in the sediment ranged from 5.16 mg/100 mg OC in the uppermost station to 0.51 mg/100 mg OC in the coast. The molar ratio of organic carbon to total nitrogen (C/N) (~7) and δ13C (~-31.1×10-3) of riverine SPM revealed that the major OM sources of riverine SPM were aquatic OM (phytoplankton and/or bacteria). Moreover, the lower lignin concentration (Λ8) and higher (Ad/Al)v of lignin phenols suggest that terrestrial OM in riverine SPM were mainly from soil. Furthermore, C/N ratio, δ13C and lignin phenols reveal that mangrove plants were the predominant OM sources of mangrove surface sediment. Based on the δ13C and lignin phenols, it can be concluded that the major OM sources in estuarine and coastal surface sediments were marine phytoplankton, riverine SPM and mangrove surface sediment. In addition, the higher (Ad/Al)v of lignin phenols in those coastal sediments indicate that seagrass might be a potential OM source in coastal sediments, however, the lower (Ad/Al)v in the estuarine sediments in turn suggests that seagrass could not be transported to the mangrove fringed region. A three-end-member model which is based on lignin concentrations and δ13C was applied to evaluate the contribution of mangroves to the organic matter preserved in the surface sediments. Around the mangrove fringed region, mangrove could contribute more than 50% to the sedimentary OM, and this value is much higher than riverine OM. Nevertheless, mangrove OM could not be efficiently transported to the coastal region. Our study suggests that mangrove forest is an important OM source in this small estuary.
Temporal and vertical distribution of microphytobenthos biomass in mangrove sediments of Zhujiang (Pearl River) Estuary
LIU Weiqiu, ZHANG Jielong, TIAN Guanghong, XU Hualin, YAN Xiaohua
2013, 32(4): 82-88. doi: 10.1007/s13131-013-0302-8
Keywords: microphytobenthos, mangrove, biomass, chlorophyll a, vertical distribution
Being a primary producer, Microphytobenthos (MPB) play an important role in the benthic ecosystem of mangrove swamps. The temporal and vertical distribution of MPB biomass, expressed as chlorophyll a (Chl a), was investigated in mangrove swamps on the Qi'ao island and the Futian Mangrove Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province, South China. Both locations are situated in the Zhujiang (Pearl River) Estuary. For each location, bi-monthly sampling was carried out at four sites during low tide period. Except one site on the Qi'ao Island, which was in Phragmites australis marsh, all sites were in mangrove swamps. The Chl a concentration in surface (0-1 cm) sediment ranged from 0.2 μg/cm3 to 8.3 μg/cm3 in the Qi'ao Island and from 2.1 μg/cm3 to 15.6 μg/cm3 in the Futian Mangrove Reserve. The peak Chl a concentration occurred in winter or early spring, while the lowest Chl a concentration, with a value of about one quarter of the peak, was observed in summer or early autumn. The vertical distribution of Chl a concentration exhibited an exponential decline with depth, which indicated a muddy sediment with high organic matter, and the slope of the curve was positively related to Chl a concentration in the surface sediment. The MPB biomass of the Qi'ao Island was significantly lower than that of the Futian Mangrove Reserve. Our results suggest that the overlaying water quality might influence the MPB biomass in surface sediments.
The fate of carbon resulting from pore water exchange in a mangrove and Spartina alterniflora ecozone
Weizhen Jiang, Guizhi Wang, Qing Li, Manab Kumar Dutta, Shilei Jin, Guiyuan Dai, Yi Xu
2023, 42(8): 61-76. doi: 10.1007/s13131-023-2234-2  Published:2023-08-31
Keywords: mangrove, salt-marsh, carbon dioxide, carbon accretion, carbon outwelling, pore water exchange
Mangrove and salt-marsh wetlands are important coastal carbon sinks. In order to quantify carbon export via pore water exchange and to evaluate subsequent fate of the exported carbon, we carried out continuous observations in a mangrove-Spartina alterniflora ecozone in the Zhangjiang River Estuary, China. The carbon fluxes via pore water exchange were estimated using 222Rn and 228Ra as tracers to be (2.15 ± 0.63) mol/(m2∙d) for dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and (–0.008 ± 0.07) mol/(m2∙d) for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the wet season and (3.02 ± 0.65) mol/(m2∙d) for DIC and (–0.15 ± 0.007) mol/(m2∙d) for DOC in the dry season in the mangrove-dominated creek (M-creek), while (2.52 ± 0.82) mol/(m2∙d) for DIC and (0.02 ± 0.09) mol/(m2∙d) for DOC in the dry season in the S. alterniflora-dominated creek (SA-creek). The negative value means that pore water was a sink of DOC in the creek. The total carbon via pore water exchange in the tidal creeks in the mangroves accounted for 41%–55% of the net carbon fixed by mangrove vegetation and was 3–4 times as much as the soil carbon accretion in the mangroves. The exported carbon in the form of DIC contributed all of the carbon outwelling from the M-creek and 79% of the carbon outwelling from the SA-creek, implying effective fixation of carbon by the wetland ecosystem. Moreover, it resulted in 54% in the dry season, 75% in the wet season of the carbon dioxide released from the M-creek to the atmosphere, and 84% of the release from the SA-creek. Therefore, quantification of pore water exchange and related soil carbon loss is essential to trace the fate of carbon fixed in intertidal wetlands.
Two new free-living nematode species (Comesomatidae) from the mangrove wetlands in Fujian Province, China
GUO Yuqing, CHANG Yu, YANG Peipei
2018, 37(10): 161-167. doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1320-3
Keywords: free-living marine nematode, new species, Sabatieria, Dorylaimopsis, mangrove
Two new free-living marine nematode species from the mangrove wetlands of Fujian Province, China are identified and illustrated. Sabatieria conicoseta sp. nov. is characterized by its short conical somatic setae. There are 12–15 tubular pre-cloacal supplements and 12–15 μm long straight gubernacular apophyses. Dorylaimopsis papilla sp. nov. is characterized by spicules which are 1.5–1.8 a. b. d. long with media cuticularized strip along entire spicules, and have a cephalated proximal end with small hooked. There are 16–18 small papillate pre-cloacal supplements and 37–40 μm long dorso-caudal gubernacular apophyses.
Two new species of free-living nematodes of genus Tripyloides (Nematoda: Enoplida: Tripyloididae) from mangrove wetlands in the Xiamen Bay, China
FU Sujing, ZENG Jiali, ZHOU Xiping, TAN Wenjuan, CAI Lizhe
2018, 37(10): 168-174. doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1321-2
Keywords: Tripyloides mangrovensis n. sp., Tripyloides amoyanus n. sp., mangrove, free living marine nematodes, China
Two new species of free living nematodes Tripyloides mangrovensis n. sp. and Tripyloides amoyanus n. sp. of genus Tripyloides de Man, 1886 are described from mangroves of the Tong'an Bay and Haimen Island in the Xiamen Bay, China. The two species are both characterized by six stout outer labial setae, male without preanal papillae, tail conico-cylindrical without swollen terminally. Tripyloides mangrovensis n. sp. can be additionally by its buccal cavity consisting of two parts, amphid circular, distinct proximal conical and distal slender cylindrical portions, 2/3 of the tail cylindrical. Tripyloides amoyanus n. sp. is distinguished by buccal cavity consisting of three parts with small tooth, amphid small, rounded, like a comma-shaped loop, 1/3 of the tail cylindrical, gubernaculum with four denticles.
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