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海南岛西岸上升流对波浪混合的敏感性研究
白鹏, 杨婧灵, 张书文, 谢玲玲, 吴俊杉
2019, 38(11): 11-19. doi: 10.1007/s13131-019-1494-3
关键词: 上升流, 波浪混合, 潮混合锋, COAWST, 海南岛
本文利用COAWST数值模式探讨了波浪混合在海南岛西岸上升流系统中扮演的动力角色。经实测数据验证,模型可较准确的反应研究海区内波浪、潮汐、海表面温度等特性。模拟结果显示该上升流为潮致上升流。进一步的研究表明波浪混合可将更多的上涌冷水搅拌至海表,进而提升海南岛西岸上升流的强度,使得模拟海表面温度更贴近实测。此外,波浪混合有助于更早的建立起强度足以激发上升流的潮混合锋,即在考虑波浪混合的前提下,海南岛西岸上升流可能更早发生。
Parameterization of ocean wave-induced mixing processes for finite water depth
YANGYongzeng, ZHANRun, TENGYong
2009(4): 16-22.
关键词: Reynoldsaverage, Characteristiclengthscale, Wave-inducedmixingparameter
Three dimensional wave-induced mixing plays an important role in shallow water area. A quite direct approach through the Reynolds average upon characteristic length scale is proposed to parameterize the horizontal and vertical shallow water mixing. Comparison of finite depth case with infinite depth results indicates that the difference of the wave-induced mixing strength is evident. In the shallow water condition, the infinite water depth approximation overestimates the mixing strength in the lower layers. The nonzero horizontal wave-induced mixing presents anisotropic property near the shore. The Prandtl's mixing length theory underestimated the wave-induced mixing in the previous studies.
The effect of the wave-induced mixing on the upper ocean temperature in a climate model
HUANGChuanjiang, QIAOFangli, SONGZhenya
2008(3): 104-111.
关键词: surfacewave, verticalmixingSST, upperoceantemperature, climatemodel
The significant underestimation of sea surface temperature (SST) and the temperature in the upper ocean is one of common problems in present climate models.The influence of the wave-induced mixing on SST and the temperature in the upper ocean was examined based on a global climate model.The results from the model coupled with wave-induced mixing showed a significant improvement in the simulation of SST and the temperature in the upper ocean compared with those of the original model without wave effects.Although there has still a cold bias, the new simulation is much closer to the climatology, especially in the northern ocean and tropical ocean.This study indicates that some important physical processes in the accurate simulation of the ocean may be ignored in present climate models, and the wave-induced mixing is one of those factors.Thus, the wave-induced mixing (or the effect of surface waves) should be incorporated properly into climate models in order to simulate or forecast the ocean, then climate system, more accurately.
Sensitive study of the long and short surface wave-induced vertical mixing in a wave-circulation coupled model
ZHAOChang, QIAOFangli, XIAChangshui, WANGGuansuo
2012(4): 1-10. doi: 10.1007/s13131-012-0215-y
关键词: wave-inducedmixing, wave-circulationcoupledmodel, longsurfacewave-inducedmixing, dailymeanwave-inducedmixing, monthlymeanwave-inducedmixing
The previous studies by the MASNUM research team have shown the effectiveness of the waveinduced mixing (Bv) in improving the simulation of upper-ocean thermal structure. The mechanisms of Bv are further investigated by incorporating different Bv products into the MASNUM wave-circulation coupled model. First, experiments were designed to explore the effects of Bv, which contain the contributions at different wave lengths (l). The results of three experiments, the non-Bv case, the short-wave case (l <300 m), and the long-wave case (l >300 m) are compared, and it is found that the long waves are the most important component for Bv to generate mixing in the upper ocean. As the swell plays dominant role in mixing, the parameterization of Bv into wind may be not a proper way. Second, Bv effects at different time-scales, including daily and monthly, were examined. The results show that the monthly averaged Bv has larger impact than the daily averaged Bv, especially in summer.
Effects of the surface wave-induced mixing on circulation in an isopycnal-coordinate oceanic circulation model
HUANGChuanjiang, QIAOFangli, WEIZexun
2013, 32(5): 7-14. doi: 10.1007/s13131-013-0308-2
关键词: wave-inducedmixing, oceanicinterior, seasonalthermocline, oceaniccirculation, geostrophicadjustment
The influence of the nonbreaking surface wave-induced mixing under the mixed layer on the oceanic circulation was investigated using an isopycnal-coordinate oceanic circulation model. The effect of the waveinduced mixing within the mixed layer was eliminated via a bulk mixed layer model. The results show that the wave-induced mixing can penetrate through the mixed layer and into the oceanic interior. The waveinduced mixing under the mixed layer has an important effect on the distribution of temperature of the upper ocean at middle and high latitudes in summer, especially the structure of the seasonal thermocline. Moreover, the wave-induced mixing can affect the oceanic circulation, such as western boundary currents and the North Equatorial Currents through changes of sea surface height associated with the variation of the thermal structure of the upper ocean.
在大洋环流模型中对应于惯性内波破碎的垂直混合的一个参数化方案
范植松, 尚真琦, 张善武, 胡瑞金, 刘海龙
2015, 34(1): 11-22. doi: 10.1007/s13131-015-0591-1
关键词: 垂直混合, 惯性内波, 细结构, 水平科氏频率分量, 大洋环流模型
在以前提出的惯性内波破碎(细结构)的理论谱模型的基础上, 该模型中计入了水平科氏频率分量对等位密度面的作用, 在大洋环流模型(OGCM)中在低于表面混合层的稳定分层的海洋内部垂直混合的一个参数化方案在本文中被初步提出. 除了湍流之外, 亚中尺度海洋过程(包括惯性内波破碎产物)对海洋内部混合的作用被强调. 我们建议在OGCM中添加本文中提出的惯性内波破碎混合方案(简称为F-方案)到Canuto等于2010年提出的湍流混合方案(简称为T-方案)中, 除去从15°S 到 15°N的区域. 使用WOA09资料和一个 OGCM (LICOM, LASG/IAP Climate System Ocean Model)对于全球大洋使用F-方案的数值结果在本文中给出. 使用T-方案添加F-方案, 对于全球大洋盐度和温度的模拟获得了显著的改进, 尤其在中纬度和高纬度海域对于中层水和深层水的模拟. 我们推测, 惯性内波破碎混合和风场的惯性强迫是维持抽风过程的重要机理之一. 对于大西洋经向返转环流(AMOC)强度的模拟, 使用T方案添加F方案的结果比仅使用T方案更为合理, 尽管物理过程需要进一步研究, 而且溢出流参数化需要加入环流模型中. F方案的缺陷在本文中为在次表层使用T方案添加F方案模拟盐度和温度的结果比仅使用T方案的误差加大.
The mixing mechanism in the formation of ocean shear waves
QiaoFangli
1996(2): 145-158.
关键词: Oceanshearwave, Lagrangiantracing, mixing
Based on the quasi-geostrophic vorticity equation,the present paper simulates the water mixing process in the formation of ocean shear waves using large eddy simulation methods.From Lagrangian tracing,we study the ocean shear wave's changing from wave character to vortex character.The distance between tracer groups increases near the ocean shear wave area,and decreases between ocean shear waves.The tracers that are uniformally distributed in space do not retain the uniform character in the mixing process.The frequency shift of the perturbation waves is caused by their nonlinear interaction.The wave number ratio and phase lag of the initial perturbation waves effect the mixing process,but the results show tittle difference.The increase of the visrnsity coefficient will restrain the mixing process.
表面波浪对海洋上层混合的作用
WANGZhifeng, WUKejian, XIAChangshui, ZHANGXiaoshuang
2014, 33(9): 32-39. doi: 10.1007/s13131-014-0514-6
关键词: 表面波浪, Stokes漂流, Langmuir湍效应, 混合
本文对N-S方程进行波浪平均,得到一个新的三维数值模型。该模型同时考虑大尺度力“Coriolis-Stokes力”和小尺度力“Stokes-Vortex力”。将三维数值模型应用到海洋模式POM中,选取不同的参数进行理想数值实验。结果表明随着Langmuir数逐渐减小,垂向混合逐渐增强。波浪破碎和Stokes湍效应都能加强垂向混合,但波浪破碎的影响仅仅局限在表层很薄的一层,而Stokes湍效应可以影响到整个混合层。将模型应用于全球大洋,结果发现海洋上层垂向混合加强,垂向混合系数变大,以南极绕极流海域最为明显。研究表明表面波浪对海洋上层混合具有重要作用,进行海洋数值模拟时,需要考虑波浪诱导的混合效应。
Effect of Stokes drift on upper ocean mixing
LIShuang, SONGJinbao, SUNQun
2008(2): 11-20.
关键词: Stokesdrift, Langmuircirculations, Coriolis-Stokesforcing, upperoceanmixing, Mellor-Yamada2.5turbulencemodel, wavebreaking, surfaceheating
Stokes drift is the main source of vertical vorticity in the ocean mixed layer.In the ways of Coriolis-Stokes forcing and Langmuir circulations, Stokes drift can substantially affect the whole mixed layer.A modified Mellor-Yamada 2.5 level turbulence closure model is used to parameterize its effect on upper ocean mixing conventionally.Results show that comparing surface heating with wave breaking, Stokes drift plays the most important role in the entire ocean mixed layer, especially in the subsurface layer.As expected, Stokes drift elevates both the dissipation rate and the turbulence energy in the upper ocean mixing.Also, influence of the surface heating, wave breaking and wind speed on Stokes drift is investigated respectively.Research shows that it is significant and important to assessing the Stokes drift into ocean mixed layer studying.The laboratory observations are supporting numerical experiments quantitatively.
NOTABLE FEATURES OF THE MIXING IN THE LINGDINGYANG BAY
应秩甫, 陈世光
1984(1): 1-12.
In order to understand the mixing process of saline and fresh water at the estuary of the Zhujiang River (Lingdingyang Bay), the Zhujiang River Conservancy Commission made several field observations from 1978 to 1979. The resulting data indicate that the mixing process is quite unique and complicated. Here demonstrations are made from different angles so as to show the nature of the process.
On the whole, the Zhujiang Estuary can be roughly regarded as a vertical partly-mixed type with a lateral salinity gradient.
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