Seasonal variations in zooplankton abundance, biomass, species diversity and community structure were investigated in the Sanmen Bay, China. Samples were collected from 15 stations, on the seasonal basis, in April (spring), July (summer) and October 2005 (autumn) and January 2006 (winter), respectively. The results show that zooplankton species number, abundance and biomass varied widely and had distinct spatial heterogeneity in the Sanmen Bay. A total of 72 species of zooplankton belonging to 56 genera and 17 groups of pelagic larvae were identified. The zooplankton species richness was strongly related to salinity. Based on hierarchical cluster analysis, zooplankton in this study area were classified into three groups:coastal, neritic and pelagic groups, which corresponded to the upper, middle and lower portion of the Sanmen Bay, respectively. The coastal low-saline species were dominant in the study area. The zooplankton abundance and biomass reached a peak in summer, moderate in spring and autumn, and the lowest in winter. Zooplankton abundance decreased from the upper to lower portion of the bay in April, when the highest biomass occurred in the middle portion of the bay. There were the same spatial distribution patterns for the biomass and abundance in July, with the maximum in the middle of the bay. However, zooplankton abundance was the highest in the middle of the bay in October, when maximum biomass occurred near the lower of the bay. Zooplankton abundance and biomass were evenly distributed in the Sanmen Bay in January. Spatial and temporal variations in zooplankton and their relationship with environmental factors were also analyzed. The BIOENV results indicate that the combination of chlorophyll a (Chl-a), salinity, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved oxygen (DO) and silicate (SiO₃) was responsible for the variations in zooplankton community structure in the Sanmen Bay. The environmental changes played an important role in changes in the zooplankton community structure in the Sanmen Bay.

On the basis of the data of oceanographic survey in the East China Sea in four seasons during 1997-2000 (23°30'~33°00'N, 118°30'-128°E), the variation of total biomass and diet biomass of zooplankton and their spatial-temporal distribution and relationship with the fishing ground of Engraulis japonicus are approached and analyzed. The results show that the average biomass is 65.32 mg/m³ in four seasons, autumn (86.18 mg/m³) being greater than summer (69.18 mg/m³) greater than spring (55.67 mg/m³) greater than winter (50.33 mg/m³). The average value of diet zooplankton biomass is 40.9 mg/m³. The trends of horizontal distribution both in the total biomass and the diet biomass of zooplankton are similar. The high biomass region (250-500 mg/m³) is very limited, only accounting for 1% of the investigation area. Seasonal variation of the biomass is very remarkable in the west and north parts of East China Sea coastal waters (29°30'N,125°E). The horizontal distribution of diet zooplankton depends on the abundance distribution of crustacean. The distribution of diet zooplankton is related to the fishing ground of Engraulis japonicus and the high-density area of young fish and larval. In spring, the central fishing ground of Engraulis japonicus (>100 kg/h) and the high-density area of young fish and larval (>100 individuals per net) are located at the same place of high-density (100~250 mg/m³)area of diet zooplankton in the middle-southern part of East China Sea or the edge of its waters.

The pathogenicity of white spot syndrome virus(WSSV)to zooplankton species,rotifer Brachionus urceus(Linnaeus),copepod Acartia clausi(Giesbrecht)and mysid shrimp Neomysis awatschensis(Brandt),was estimated by immersion challenge and virus-phytoplankton adhesion route to investigate a potential new transmission route of WSSV to zooplankton.WSSV succeeded in infecting these zooplankton species and nested-PCR revealed positive results for the virus-phytoplankton adhesion route,whereas WSSV cannot infect zooplankton by immersion challenge.These results indicated that virus-phytoplankton adhesion route is a successful new transmission route of WSSV to zooplankton and also implied that phytoplankton could be a carrier in WSSV transmission.

营养失衡是指消费者的饵料供给与自身需求在元素组成上的错配。这种失衡效应会沿食物链向上传递，使浮游动物面临营养限制。本研究探究了中华哲水蚤（Calanus sinicus），蒙古裸腹水溞（Moina mongolica）和褶皱臂尾轮虫（Brachionus plicatilis）对正常、磷限制和氮限制饵料在生长、繁殖和化学计量学内稳态三方面的响应。结果显示，三种浮游动物的生长在营养限制（尤其磷限制）条件下都降低。然而，营养限制对其繁殖的影响是种间特异的。对于中华哲水蚤，饵料中不饱和脂肪酸作为主要的磷脂来源影响着其产卵率；饵料中提供能量的脂肪酸含量促进了卵的孵化。同时，饵料中过量的碳促进了产卵却抑制了孵化率。对于蒙古裸腹水溞，饵料的营养（磷和不饱和脂肪酸）和能量（总脂肪酸）支持促进了其繁殖能力。褶皱臂尾轮虫在三种营养条件下的繁殖能力与生长表现出了相同的趋势（正常组 > 氮限制组 > 磷限制组）。对于化学计量学内稳态方面，较蒙古裸腹水溞，褶皱臂尾轮虫的元素组成更不容易受到营养限制的影响。我们认为这种营养失衡效应是影响富营养化生态系统结构和稳定的一种潜在的驱动力量。

Ecological research has been made for quite a long period in some marine-derived saline lakes in the Vestfold Hills,Antarctica.The results show distinct succession of zooplankton community in those lakes.The change in community structure of zooplankton is related directly to environmental evolution in nature and the variation of lake conditions,such as physical and chemical factors as well.In the Burton Lake,there is a rather stable annual fluctuation in both temperature and salinity,and the community has probably been in the stage of climax succession.The Fletcher Lake is still undergoing a process by unregular tide flood from nearby bay,so that zooplankton community has been changing due to variance in temperature and salinity.

Based on the samples collected mesoplankton net from the south part of Taiwan Strait (22.25°-24.65°N, 117.50°-120.00°E) in August 1997,292 species of zooplankton and 11 groups of meroplankton were identified.In the survey waters, Copepods was dominant in either species or individual numbers.The diversity (H')was 5.11 and the ratio of diversity to evenness (J) was 7.10,showing that the diversity of zooplankton was exceedingly high in the survey waters.Three zooplankton communities were clearly divided by systematical cluster analysis, indicating that the biotopes of these zooplankton communities may serve as the evidence for the basic status of distribution of water masses during the investigation.

基于2012年6月在蓝碧海峡的调查数据，分析了研究海域浮游动物的种类组成、丰度和优势种等生态特征。结果表明，研究海域共计鉴定浮游动物183种（包括4个待定种），其中大多数属于桡足类。刺胞动物43种（包括1个待定种）位居第二位。浮游动物的平均丰度为150.47±58.91 ind.m^-3。平面分布特征呈现研究海域南部浮游动物的丰度高于北部。研究区的优势种为Lensia subtiloides，Sagitta enflata，Lucifer intermedius，Oikopleura rufescens，Diphyes chamissoni，Creseis acicula，Subeucalanus subcrassus，Temora discaudata，Aglaura hemistoma，Doliolum denticulatum，Canthocalanus pauper，Oikopleura longicauda和Nanomia bijuga。研究区的浮游动物多样性指数较先前其它研究海区的结果高。该研究的结果为未来的研究和监测计划提供了重要的基线信息。

On the basis of the materials collected from six cruises during 1986-1990 in the Kuroshio and its adjacent waters of the East China Sea,the spatial and temporal changes of zooplankton biomass and the relation to certain environmental factors are analysed in this paper.The results indicated that the biomass peaked in autumn,followed by spring and summer and was the lowest in winter.Its horizontal distribution pattern was higher in the continental shelf area than in the Kuroshio area and in the north than in the south of the surveyed area.The higher biomass regions usually occurred in the fronts between different currents and water masses and in the upwelling region of the Kuroshio subsurface water,and were mainly composed of warm-water eurytopic species and tropic oceanic eurytopic species.The relationship between the vertical distribution of zooplankton biomass(Z_w)and water depth(D) might be expressed by the formual LnZ_w=a+bXD.The biomass was observed higher in the upper 100 m.The positive correlation between the biomass of bait-animal and the abundance of larval and juvenile fishes was significant.In addition,the higher biomass region in the northern study area (in the vicinity of 29°N,126°E) overlapped the fishing ground of mackerel and scads in the middle East China Sea.

The community structure of zooplankton has been conducted in the Lembeh Strait in Bitung and Wori Beach in Manado, North Sulawesi in October 2015. Sampling of this research was conducted in 22 sampling sites along the strait. Zooplankton samples were collected from 22 stations, by NORPAC 300 μm net that was vertically hauled from maximum 10 m depth up to the surface water. The samples were poured into the bottle with formalin of 4% as preservative. The results showed that there were 43 taxa of zooplankton. The abundance of zooplankton was between 21.216-4 193.776 ind./m³. The dominant taxa were copepod, especially Calanoida. The composition of zooplankton was relatively similar in all stations. We showed the abundance, dominance, composition and distribution of zooplankton at this research. More extensive studies concerning zooplankton is required to understand zooplankton biodiversity as a whole especially on the geographical and spatial distribution to describe population and community dynamic in the Lembeh Strait and Wori Beach.

2008年初，我国南方出现了罕见的低温冰冻极端天气过程。通过对2007年8月和2008年8月南海北部现场调查所获得的数据分析研究了浮游动物种类组成。结果表明，与2007年8月相比2008年8月浮游动物丰度和生物量有很大的下降。聚类分析结果表明浮游动物群落被分为近岸和远海两大类群。浮游动物近岸类群和远岸类群的分界点在不同的时间有所不同，这是由于外海水向近岸的入侵所致。与2007年8月相比，2008年8月浮游动物优势种发生了很大的演替，主要是因为四种浮游动物优势种亚强真哲水蚤、异尾宽水蚤、锥形宽水蚤和小哲水蚤丰度急剧下降所致。相反，水母类和海樽类丰富有很大的升高，其原因可能是2008年春季极端低温导致的鱼类大量死亡所致。与远岸浮游动物群落相比，近岸浮游动物群落变化更剧烈，这说明近岸浮游动物群落结构不稳定。南海北部浮游动物群落结构的变化与2008年初的冷事件有很大关系。